What is hot water on the receipt? Cost of Gcal of heat and cubic meter of hot water according to the meter

The second component

In general, the fee for hot water supply is calculated using the following formula:

P i gv = Vi gv × T hv+ (V v cr × Vi gv/ ∑ Vi gv × T v cr)

Vi Guards- the volume of hot water consumed during the billing period (month) in the apartment or non-residential premises

T xv- tariff for cold water

V v cr- the volume of thermal energy used during the billing period for heating cold water at independent production hot water management company

∑ Vi gv- the total volume of hot water consumed during the billing period in all rooms of the house

T v cr- tariff for thermal energy

Calculation example:

Let's assume that hot water consumption in an apartment for a month is 7 m3. Hot water consumption throughout the house is 465 m3. The amount of thermal energy spent on heating hot water according to a common house meter is 33.5 Gcal

7 m 3 * 33.3 rub. + (33.5 Gcal * 7 m 3 / 465 m 3 * 1331.1 rub.) = 233.1 + 671.3 = 904.4 rub.

Of which:

233.1 rub. - payment for actual water consumption (DHW line in the receipt)

671.3 - payment for thermal energy spent on heating water to the required temperature (DHW heating line in the receipt)

IN in this example To heat one cube of hot water, 0.072 gigacalories of thermal energy were spent.

IN the value showing how many gigacalories were required to heat 1 cubic meter of water in the calculation period is called coefficient DHW heating

The heating coefficient is not the same from month to month and largely depends on the following parameters:

Cold water supply temperature. IN different time During the year, the cold water temperature ranges from +2 to +20 degrees. Accordingly, in order to heat the water to the required temperature you will have to spend different quantities thermal energy.

The total volume of water consumed per month in all areas of the house. This value is largely influenced by the number of apartments that submitted their testimony in the current month, recalculations, and, in general, the discipline of residents in submitting their testimony.

Thermal energy consumption for hot water circulation. Water circulation in the pipes occurs continuously, including during the hours of minimum water consumption. That is, for example, at night, hot water is practically not used by residents, but thermal energy for heating water is still spent to maintain the required temperature of hot water in heated towel rails and at the entrances to apartments. This figure is especially high in new, sparsely populated buildings and stabilizes as the number of residents increases.

The average values ​​of DHW heating coefficients for each block are given in the section “Tariffs and calculation coefficients”

With the arrival of cold weather, many Russians are concerned about how to pay for utilities. For example, To How to calculate hot water and how often you should pay for these services. To answer all these questions, you first need to clarify whether a water meter is installed in this home. If the meter is installed, then the calculation is made according to a certain scheme.

The first thing you need to do is look at the receipt for housing and communal services that came last month. In this document you should find a column that indicates the amount of water consumed for the last month; we will need figures with indicators at the end of the last reporting period.

The first thing you need to do is look at the receipt for housing and communal services that came last month

After these readings are written out, they should be entered into a new document. In this case, we are talking about a receipt for payment for housing and communal services for the next reporting period. As you can see, the answers to the questions of how to calculate the cost of hot water using a meter and how to determine its consumption are quite simple. It is necessary to take all water meter readings promptly and correctly.

By the way, many management companies themselves enter the above information into the payment document. In this case, you won’t have to look for data in old receipts. You also need to remember that in situations where the water meter has just been installed and these are the first readings, the previous ones will be zeros.

The initial readings of some modern meters may contain some other numbers rather than zeros

I would also like to clarify that the initial readings of some modern meters may contain not zeros, but some other numbers. In this case, in the receipt in the column where you need to indicate the previous readings, you need to leave exactly these numbers.

The process of searching for previous meter readings is very important if you need to understand the question of how to calculate hot water according to the meter. Without this data, it will not be possible to correctly calculate how many cubic meters of water were used in a given reporting period.

So, before you start studying the question of how to calculate the cost of hot water, you should learn how to take water meter readings.

Symbols on the meter

Almost all modern meters have a scale with at least 8 digits. The first 5 of which are black, but the second 3 are red.

Important

It is important to understand that only the first 3 digits, which are black, are displayed on the receipt. Because these are cubic meters data, and it is based on them that the cost of water is calculated. But the data that is colored red is liters. They do not need to be indicated on receipts. Although these data make it possible to estimate how many liters of water a particular family consumes over a certain reporting period. In this way, you can understand whether it is worth saving on this benefit or whether the consumption is within normal limits. And of course, you can determine how much water is spent on bathing procedures, and how much on washing dishes, and so on.

It is important to understand that the receipt displays only the first 3 digits, which are black.

To correctly understand how to calculate the tariff for hot water, you should know on what day of the month the readings of this device are taken. Here, you need to remember that water meter data must be taken at the end of each reporting period, after which it must be transferred to the appropriate authority. This can be done through a phone call or via the Internet.

On a note! It should be remembered that the figures are always indicated at the beginning of the reporting period (that is, those that were taken last month) and at the end (these are those that are being taken now).

This regulation is prescribed in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011, number 354.

How to calculate the service correctly?

It is no secret that the legislation of our country is constantly changing, and therefore citizens are beginning to worry about the question of how to calculate hot water or any other utility costs.

If we talk specifically about water, then we should take into account the fact that payment consists of certain components:

• indicators of a water meter, which is located in the room and controls the flow of cold water;
• indicators of the meter, which shows the consumption of hot water in a given apartment;
• indicators of a device that calculates the cold water consumption of all tenants;
• data from the meter that monitors the consumption of the residents of the house; it is installed in the basement of the house;
• the share of a specific apartment in the total expense;
• the share that corresponds to a specific apartment in this building.

The penultimate indicator is the most incomprehensible, although in fact everything is quite accessible. It is taken into account when determining the amount of resource that was spent on everyone. It is also called “general house needs”. This, by the way, also applies to the last indicator; it is calculated when general house needs are calculated.

Calculation of hot water consumption

As for the first two indicators, they are quite understandable. They depend on the residents themselves, because a person can choose for himself whether to save the consumption of a particular resource or not. But in other cases it all depends on how often it is done wet cleaning in the entrance of the house, on the number of riser leaks, and so on.

The worst thing about this calculation system is that almost the entire part of the general household needs is fictitious. After all, in every building there are residents who incorrectly indicate their individual indicators, or, for example, one person is registered in their apartment, but five live. Then the general house needs had to be calculated based on the fact that 3 people live in apartment No. 5, and not 1. In this case, everyone else would have to pay a little less. As you can see, the question of how to calculate hot water still needs careful research.

That is why our officials are still trying to figure out how to calculate the fee for hot water and which mechanism would be the most successful.

Do everyone have the same rates?

To save money, you should always tighten the tap if this moment no need to use water

To do this, just go to the website of the management company or just call them. Also, similar information is contained on the receipt that comes to each resident.

After this data has been found, the cost of the consumed cubic meters of resource should be calculated. Next, calculating the payment for hot water is quite simple; this is done in the same way as in the case of all other resources. You should take the number of cubic meters spent and multiply by the specific tariff.

It should be noted that today there are many ways you can save hot water consumption, thereby reducing your costs for paying for it. To do this, you can use special nozzles on the faucet; they will help you not spray water so much and control the pressure power. You should also open the tap valve not at full strength, so the stream will flow under less pressure, but the water will not fly out in all directions. And of course, you should always turn on the tap if you don’t need to use water at the moment. For example, when a person brushes his teeth or washes his hair (while his head is soaped or smeared Toothbrush, the water tap can be closed).

All these tips will help reduce the cost of paying for hot or cold water, thereby helping to correctly calculate hot water consumption.

Difference between hot and cold water calculations

Of course, this formula, as well as the one that takes into account hot water consumption, has many flaws. Due to the fact that general house indicators are taken into account, it is difficult to control where the difference went between the individual indicators of all residents and the data that was taken from the water meter installed on the house. Perhaps this is really true, and all this water was used to clean the entrance. But this is hard to believe. Of course, there are residents who deceive the state and give incorrect data, but there are also errors in the operation of the pipeline system itself ( sewer pipes Most houses are old and can leak, so the water goes nowhere).

Hot water invoice

For a long time now, our government has been thinking about how to correctly calculate hot and cold water and how to improve the existing mechanism.

For example, in 2013, our authorities came to the conclusion that it was necessary to establish standard norms for general house needs and it is this data that should be taken into account when calculating the cost of one cubic meter of water. This helped to slightly restrain the zeal of our management companies and help the citizens of the country. You can find out these numbers from the management company. But this only applies to those cases where residents have entered into an agreement with the management company. If we are talking about Vodokanal, then each locality will have its own separate fixed minimum payment. And, for example, an overpayment in a given reporting period may cover expenses in the next one.

As you can see, there is a whole diagram that makes it clear how to calculate hot water heating or how to calculate how much to pay for cold water consumption.

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2017:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 1197.50 rub/Gcal = 43.8285 rub/sq.m.

May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m * 1197.50 rub./Gcal = 14.6095 rub./sq.m

October 0.0322 * 1211.33 rubles/Gcal = 39.0048 rubles/sq.m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 1211.33 rub./Gcal = 44.3347 rub./sq.m

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply per person in 2017:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *1197.50 rub./Gcal = 253.87 rub./person.

July-December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *1211.33 rub./Gcal = 256.80 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply using a domestic hot water meter in 2017:

January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cub. m * 1197.50 rub./Gcal = 55.9233 rub./cubic. m.

July-December 0.0467 Gcal/cu.m. m * 1211.33 rub./Gcal = 56.5691 rub./cubic. m

2016

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2016:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 1170.57 rub/Gcal = 42.8429 rub/sq.m.

May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m * 1170.57 rub./Gcal = 14.2810 rub./sq.m

October 0.0322 * 1197.50 rubles/Gcal = 38.5595 rubles/sq.m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 1197.50 rub./Gcal = 43.8285 rub./sq.m

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services per person in 2016:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *1170.57 rub./Gcal = 248.16 rub./person.

July-December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *1197.50 rub./Gcal = 253.87 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply using a domestic hot water meter in 2016:

January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cub. m * 1170.57 rub./Gcal = 54.6656 rub./cubic. m

July-December 0.0467 Gcal/cu.m. m * 1197.50 rub./Gcal = 55.9233 rub./cubic. m

2015

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2015:

Heating consumption standard * Thermal energy tariff = cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 36.2523 rub./sq.m

May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 12.0841 rub./sq.m

October 0.0322 * 1170.57 rubles/Gcal = 37.6924 rubles/sq.m.

November-December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 1170.57 rub./Gcal = 42.8429 rub./sq.m

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services per person in 2015:

DHW consumption standard * Heat energy tariff = cost of DHW service per 1 person

An example of calculating the cost of a hot water supply service for 1 person with a fully equipped apartment (from 1 to 10 storeys, equipped with a sink, washbasin, bathtub 1500-1700 mm long with shower) in the absence of hot water meters:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *990.50 rub./Gcal = 209.986 rub./person.

July-December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month *1170.57 rub./Gcal = 248.1608 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply using a domestic hot water meter in 2015:

The standard thermal energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Tariff for thermal energy = cost of service for heating 1 cubic meter. m

January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 46.2564 rub./cubic. m

July-December 0.0467 Gcal/cu.m. m * 1170.57 rub./Gcal = 54.6656 rub./cubic. m

year 2014

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2014:

Heating consumption standard * Thermal energy tariff = cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m:

January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 34.2001 rub./sq.m

May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 11.4000 rub./sq.m

October 0.0322 Gcal/sq. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 31.8941 rub./sq. m

November – December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 36.2523 rub./sq.m

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply per 1 person in 2014:

DHW consumption standard * Heat energy tariff = cost of DHW service per 1 person

An example of calculating the cost of a hot water supply service for 1 person with a fully equipped apartment (from 1 to 10 storeys, equipped with a sink, washbasin, bathtub 1500-1700 mm long with shower) in the absence of hot water meters:

January-June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 198.0991 rub./person.

July – December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 209.986 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply using a domestic hot water meter in 2014:

The standard thermal energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Tariff for thermal energy = cost of service for heating 1 cubic meter. m

January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 43.6378 rub./cubic. m

July – December 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 990.50 rub./Gcal = 46.2564 rub./cubic. m

year 2013

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2013:

Heating consumption standard

• January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 31.1477 rub./sq.m
• May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m *851.03 rub./Gcal =10.3826 rub./sq.m
• October 0.0322 Gcal/sq. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 30.0886 rub./sq. m
• November – December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 34.2001 rub./sq.m

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services per person in 2013:

DHW consumption standard

An example of calculating the cost of a hot water supply service for 1 person with a fully equipped apartment (from 1 to 10 storeys, equipped with a sink, washbasin, bathtub 1500-1700 mm long with shower) in the absence of hot water meters:

• January-June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 180.4184 rub./person.
• July – December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 198.0991 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of service for hot water supply using a domestic hot water meter in 2013:

The standard thermal energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water

• January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 39.7431 rub./cubic. m
• July – December 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 934.43 rub./Gcal = 43.6378 rub./cubic. m

year 2012

Calculation of the cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. meters of total area in 2012:

Heating consumption standard * Thermal energy tariff (supplier MUP "ChKTS" or Mechel-Energo LLC) = The cost of thermal energy for heating 1 sq. m

• January-April 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 747.48 rub./Gcal = 27.3578 rub./sq. m
• May 0.0122 Gcal/sq. m * 747.48 rub./Gcal = 9.1193 rub./sq. m
• October 0.0322 Gcal/sq. m * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 27.4032 rub./sq. m
• November - December 0.0366 Gcal/sq. m * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 31.1477 rub./sq. m

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services per person in 2012:

DHW consumption standard * Heat energy tariff (supplier MUP "ChKTS" or Mechel-Energo LLC) = cost of DHW service per 1 person

An example of calculating the cost of a hot water supply service for 1 person with a fully equipped apartment (from 1 to 10 storeys, equipped with a sink, washbasin, bathtub 1500-1700 mm long with shower) in the absence of hot water meters:

• January - June 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 747.48 rub./Gcal = 158.47 rub./person.
• July - August 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 792.47 rub./Gcal = 168.00 rub./person.
• September - December 0.2120 Gcal/per person. per month * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 180.42 rub./person.

Calculation of the cost of hot water supply services using a domestic hot water meter in 2012:

The standard thermal energy consumption for heating is 1 cubic meter. m of water * Tariff for thermal energy (supplier MUP "ChKTS" or LLC "Mechel-Energo") = cost of service for heating 1 cubic. m

• January – June 0.0467 Gcal/cub. m * 747.48 rub./Gcal = 34.9073 rub./cubic. m
• July – August 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 792.47 rub./Gcal = 37.0083 rub./cubic. m
• September–December 0.0467 Gcal/cubic. m * 851.03 rub./Gcal = 39.7431 rub./cubic. m

In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406 “On state regulation of tariffs in the field of water supply and sanitation,” with a centralized hot water supply system in a closed system, a two-component tariff for hot water is established, consisting of “ cold water component "(rub./m3) and " component for thermal energy "(RUB/Gcal). The resource supplying organization supplying hot water makes settlements with the utility service provider ( Management Company, HOA) for 2 resources: cold water – at the tariff for the “cold water component”; thermal energy – at the tariff for the “thermal energy component”. The value of the cold water component is calculated by the tariff regulatory body based on the tariff for cold water. Value component for thermal energy is determined by the tariff regulatory authority in accordance with methodological instructions based on the following components: · tariff for thermal energy; · costs of maintaining centralized hot water supply systems in the area from central heating points (inclusive) at which hot water is prepared to the point on the border of operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization in the event that such expenses are not taken into account in the tariff for thermal energy; · the cost of thermal energy losses in pipelines in the area from the facilities where hot water is prepared, including from central heating points, including the maintenance of central heating points, to the point on the border of the operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization in the event that such losses do not taken into account when setting tariffs for thermal energy; costs associated with the transportation of hot water. Providers of utility services in accordance with the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings And residential buildings", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), calculate the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply for the volume of hot water consumed in cubic meters.In accordance with the Rules, the amount of payment (P i) for the utility service for hot water supply, in a room equipped with an individual hot water meter, is determined by the formula: P i = V i n * T to p (1), where: V i n - volume (quantity) of a communal resource consumed during the billing period in the i-th residential or non-residential premises, determined according to the readings of an individual meter; T to p — tariff for a utility resource. Since the tariff for the utility resource “hot water” is set in the form of two components, the utility service provider with consumers of hot water makes payments for the components: cold water and thermal energy for hot water supply needs. Amount of thermal energy (Gcal/ m 3) for hot water supply needs per 1 m 3, as a rule, is determined by the utility service provider on the basis of general house (collective) readings of hot water meters and thermal energy in hot water. It should be noted that the utility service provider makes settlements with the resource supplying organization based on the readings of the same common house (collective) metering devices for hot water and thermal energy in hot water. The consumed amount of thermal energy in hot water in the i-room (Gcal) is determined by multiplying the amount hot water according to an individual metering device (m 3) by the specific consumption of thermal energy in hot water (Gcal/m 3). The volume of hot water determined according to an individual metering device (m 3) is multiplied by the tariff “component for cold water” (rub ./m 3) is the payment for cold water as part of hot water. The volume of thermal energy in the consumed hot water (Gcal) is multiplied by the tariff “thermal energy component” (rub./Gcal) - this is the payment for thermal energy as part of hot water water. In accordance with the information letter of the Federal Tariff Service of Russia dated November 18, 2014 No. SZ-12713/5 “On the issue of regulating tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system for 2015,” it is said that the authorities executive power subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of state regulation of prices (tariffs) has the right to make a decision on the establishment of tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system per 1 cubic meter. m. In this case, the calculation of the tariff for hot water (T hot water) per 1 m 3 is made according to the formula: T hot water = T hot water * (1 + K pv) + US central heating + T t/e * Q t/e (2), where :T hvs - tariff for cold (rub./cubic m);T t/e - tariff for thermal energy (rub./Gcal); K pv - coefficient taking into account water losses in closed systems heat supply from central heating points to the connection point; US central heating - specific costs for the maintenance of hot water supply systems from central heating points to the boundaries of the balance sheet of consumers (excluding losses) in the event that such costs are not taken into account in tariffs for thermal energy (power), per 1 cubic meter m;Q t/e - the amount of heat required to prepare one cubic meter of hot water (Gcal/cub. m). At the same time, the amount of heat for preparing one cubic meter of hot water (Q t/e) is determined by calculation, taking into account heat capacity, pressure, temperature, density of water, losses of thermal energy in risers and heated towel rails. Thus, the charge in the receipt for hot water depends on the form in which the regulatory authority has set the tariff for hot water: for two components (cold water and thermal energy ) or per cubic meter. In question the amounts of charges for 2 components (cold water and thermal energy) are given, but the municipality and tariffs for the components are not indicated. If we assume that hot water consumption was 10 m3, then the tariff for the “cold water component” is 331 rubles. / 10 m 3 = 33.10 rubles/m 3. If we assume that the tariff for the “thermal energy” component is 1800 rubles/Gcal, the amount of thermal energy consumed is: 1100 rubles. /1800 rub./Gcal = 0.611 Gcal, respectively, to heat 1 m 3 of hot water, the thermal energy consumption was 0.611 Gcal / 10 m 3 = 0.0611 Gcal/m 3. Chief Economist of the Yurenergo Group of Companies Isaeva T.V.

The last few years in Russian Federation There is a gradual transition to a two-component tariff for hot water. Management companies need to understand this issue for two reasons. Firstly, you need to correctly calculate payments and make settlements with the RSO and the owners. Secondly, we have to answer questions from residents about why the payment for hot water supply is now shown in two lines on receipts. In the article we studied this issue in detail and gave examples of how it works new system tariffs.

Features of using a two-component tariff when calculating payment for hot water supply

Until 2012, the cost of a cubic meter of hot water in Russia was uniform. The rules changed with the introduction of a two-component tariff for domestic hot water when government decree No. 1149 of November 8, 2012 came into force. New charging rules have recently been in effect in many federal subjects, including the Moscow region.

What is the essence of a two-component tariff for hot water?

The use of a two-component tariff assumes that the cost of a cubic meter of hot water for a consumer is determined based on two components:

• cold water as a coolant;
• heat as a resource used to heat it.

The volume of required cold water is calculated according to meter readings and is calculated in cubic meters. The second component is considered a little more complicated. Here you need to take the volume of water taken into account by the PU and multiply it by the standard for heat consumption for heating.

When using the old one-component tariff for hot water, engineering features were not always taken into account multi-storey buildings. As a result, in certain regions, including the Moscow region, situations arose where management companies were forced to pay resource supply organizations more than they received from apartment owners for this resource.

Representatives of the housing and communal services industry consider the two-component tariff for hot water, which appeared in the Rules for the provision of utility services (PP No. 354 of 05/06/2011) since 2016, to be more economically justified. The unified tariff for hot water supply did not take into account the actual temperature of hot water that supplied to citizens’ apartments. Regulators usually prescribed maximum indicators in the tariff rate, and consumers often received barely warm water. Naturally, it had to be paid at full rate.

The use of two-component tariffs for hot water is regulated by paragraph 42 of Regulation No. 354. To perform the calculation, formulas 23 and 24 are used, given in Appendix No. 2 of this regulatory act.

Why was there a need for a two-component tariff?

Cold water consumption in residential buildings is somewhat different from how hot water consumption by citizens is taken into account. In the first case, it is enough to use the readings of individual metering devices. For cold water, there are purity requirements; otherwise, residents pay only for the volume consumed.

WITH hot water the situation is somewhat more complicated, since here an additional parameter is added that the supplier needs to take into account - temperature. IN last years citizens, with the support of regulatory authorities, learned to defend their rights regarding the provision of hot water supply. If the water flowing from the tap is not hot enough (temperature less than +60ºС), then this circumstance is recorded by inspection, and the management company is forced to make recalculations with a reduction in the fee.

• In what cases can management companies, homeowners' associations, residential complexes, housing cooperatives apply a two-component tariff for hot water?
• How to switch to a two-component tariff for hot water supply services in the case of preparing hot water using ITP?
• What does the fee for hot water supply consist of in the case of a two-component hot water tariff?

An analysis of the situation showed that more than 40 percent of the thermal energy when providing hot water to an apartment building is spent not on its direct consumption, but on circulation in the pipes. The water supplied to the house is not consumed in full and is returned to the heat exchanger, where it is heated with boiling water supplied from the resource supplying organization. It cools down as it moves. If little water is consumed, then such heat losses can be so significant that they will not be covered by residents paying a single-component tariff simply for the volume consumed.

The hot water tap may not open at all in the apartment, but it will still consume energy. The simplest example This includes heated towel rails connected to the hot water system. Previously, the consumption of thermal energy by these devices was not taken into account in any way when calculating payment for heat treatment. Payment for heat can only be charged during heating season, so heated towel rails and risers heated the air in apartments without paying for it as a utility service.

As a result, the question arose about making changes to the calculations by which payments for hot water are calculated for residents of multi-storey buildings. However, the following points had to be decided:

• what formula to use to distribute between consumers the volume of heat spent on hot water circulation;
• what to call a utility service for payment of such thermal energy that will be included in the receipt.

Heat supply organizations offered various options decisions that were inconsistent with each other.

1. Do not use the heating standard for one cubic meter of hot water, since PP No. 354 does not regulate the distribution of heat costs.

2. Use the standard for calculating charges for hot water supply only in those apartment complexes where there is no DPPU.

3. Calculate the payment for hot water according to the standard, and set the heat loss for circulation to the Criminal Code in accordance with clause 21.1 (a) of PP No. 124 of February 14, 2012.

Changing the tariff for hot water supply as a solution to the problem

Further discussions of the issue and practical attempts to solve it showed that the formula for calculating the cost of hot water should have two components.

First, you need to pay for water consumption itself, which, with a two-component tariff, includes the price of cold water and the cost of heating it.

The formula for calculating the cost of heating water is simple: the amount of heat to heat one cubic meter is multiplied by the volume consumed. It is taken into account that the water must be heated to +60ºС required by regulations. Tariffs for thermal energy are set by regional authorities.

Secondly, it is necessary to pay for the heat spent on circulation in the hot water supply system. To do this, take the total amount of heat taken into account DHW meter, from which the energy for heating water consumed by residents and spent on common household water is subtracted, required according to the standard.

When charging for thermal energy for hot water supply, it is necessary to take into account the total area of ​​​​the premises, as is done in calculations for heating. It is incorrect to use only the area of ​​apartments here, since heat losses during circulation occur, including in public areas.

Current tariffs based on the example of the Moscow region

In Moscow and Moscow Region, from July 1, 2018, there were regular increases in hot water tariffs for the population. This also affected two-component tariffs. There are no uniform rates for hot water supply in the region, since there are more than 900 resource supply organizations operating here. As a result, more than 2,000 tariffs in the housing and communal services sector have to be revised annually in the Moscow region.

By current legislation the reasonable costs of each enterprise must be taken into account separately. They are the basis for the formation of tariffs.

Municipalities in the Moscow region are heterogeneous. Closer to the capital there are compact cities with high density population, on the outskirts there are administrative entities with a large territory and a significantly smaller number of inhabitants. This means that in remote populated areas needed network engineering long distance, through which a smaller amount of resources will be supplied. The costs of servicing such communications are higher, which is directly reflected in the tariffs.

In addition, tariff rates for similar services differ due to:

• features technological process production and delivery of resources;
• uneven level of network modernization;
• differences in the amount of resources sold.

As an example, here are the tariffs for hot water supply in several municipalities of the Moscow region.

Payment for each component is transferred to different recipients. Usually they pay for cold water to the water utility, and for thermal energy - to a branch of MOEK or Mosenergo.

About standards

When calculating the payment for hot water supply according to a two-component tariff, the standard for thermal energy consumption for heating 1 cubic meter is used. m of water. These numbers are set regional authorities. The Tariff Office of a constituent entity of the federation divides the region's territory into climatic zones depending on the timing of the heating season. In addition, when developing parameters, the following technical and design features houses:

• does the hot water supply system have an external network;
• whether the risers have been thermally insulated;
• Are there heated towel rails in the apartments?

Each parameter has its own coefficient, indicating the intensity of heat loss in hot water pipes.

The house is assigned certain indicators as a whole, without taking into account the design features of the pipes in each specific apartment. If the apartment building was originally equipped with heated towel rails, but one of the owners cut it off, then the formula for calculating the cost of hot water will not be recalculated for him.

The government is implementing a gradual transition to a two-component tariff for hot water supply in cities and regions of the Russian Federation. At first, both the old one, which takes into account only cubic meters of water consumed, and the new one can work tariff rate. However, a consistent process of change is underway, and outdated single-component tariffs remain a thing of the past. During the transition period final decision the use of one or another payment system remains with management and resource supply organizations. At the same time, a deadline is set for the final transition, after which there will be no choice left.

There is no clear answer to the question of whether the application of a two-part tariff will cause an increase in payment. It will indeed be more difficult to calculate the fee, but this does not mean that the resource will become more expensive. The country has a maximum index for changes in fees for housing and communal services, and prices cannot rise above it, including due to a revision of the tariff system.

Many people, when paying for utility services, are surprised to see the phrase “water heating” on the receipt. In fact, this innovation was adopted back in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406, if available centralized system water supply must be paid according to a two-part tariff.

Thus, the tariff was divided into two components: the use of cold water and thermal energy. Now the calculation is made separately for two resources: water for hot water supply and thermal energy. That is why a column appeared on receipts indicating the amount of thermal energy spent on heating cold water. However, many believe that heating fees are charged illegally and write complaints to housing and communal services. To ensure the legality of this type of charge, you should learn more about this service.

The reason for this innovation was additional use energy. Risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system consume thermal energy, but this consumption was not previously taken into account in calculations of utility bills. Since heating fees can only be charged during the heating season, heating the air through the use of a heated towel rail was not paid for as a utility service. The government found a way out of this situation by dividing the tariff into two components.

Equipment

If your water heater fails, your hot water bill will not increase. In this case, authorized employees of the management organization are required to repair the equipment urgently. But since repairs require payment, residents must still pay this amount. Although the heating bill will remain the same, the cost of repairs and maintenance of the property will increase. This is explained by the fact that water heating devices are part of the property of homeowners.

As for non-standard situations, when, for example, some apartments in multi-storey building has access to hot water, and the second - only to cold water, issues regarding payment for heating are resolved in individually. As practice shows, residents are often required to pay for common property which they don't use.

Thermal energy component

If the calculation of payment for cold water is quite simple (it is carried out on the basis of the established tariff), then not everyone understands what is included in the cost of such a service as heating.

The amount to pay for a service such as water heating is calculated taking into account the following components:

• established tariff for thermal energy;
• expenses required to maintain a centralized hot water supply system (from central heating points where water is heated);
• cost of thermal energy loss in pipelines;
• costs necessary to transport hot water.

Payment for utility services for hot water supply is calculated taking into account the volume of water used, which is measured in m3.

As a rule, the amount of required thermal energy is determined on the basis of general house values, which are shown by hot water meters and consumed thermal energy. The amount of energy used in each room is calculated by multiplying the volume of water used (determined by the meter) by the specific consumption of thermal energy. The energy volume is multiplied by the tariff. The resulting value is the amount required to pay for what is written on the receipt as “water heating”.

How to calculate it yourself in 2018-2019

Water heating is one of the most expensive utilities. This is explained by the fact that when heating it is necessary to use special equipment operating from the mains. To make sure that the receipt shows the correct amount to be paid, you can do the calculations yourself and compare the resulting value with the amount indicated on the receipt. To do this, you need to find out the amount of payment for thermal energy established by the regional tariff commission. Further calculations depend on the presence or absence of metering devices:

1. If you have a meter installed in your apartment, then you can calculate the consumption of thermal energy based on its indicator.
2. If there is no meter, calculations should be made based on the established standard indicators(installed by an energy saving organization).

If available in a residential building general counter consumption of thermal energy and installed individual meters in apartments, the accrual of the amount for heating is calculated based on the readings of the general meter and further proportional distribution for each apartment. If such a device is not available, the amount required to pay for heating is calculated based on the standard energy consumption for heating 1 m 3 of water in the reporting month and the readings individual counter water.

Where to write a complaint

If the legality of the additional line “water heating” in receipts is in question, in order not to overpay for heating, it is recommended to first contact the Criminal Code with a request to explain what this item means. The appearance of a new line in the receipt is legal only on the basis of the decision of the owner of the apartment building premises. In the absence of such a decision, you should write a complaint to the State Housing Inspectorate. After filing a complaint with the Criminal Code, you must be provided with an answer with explanations within thirty days. If you refuse to justify why such a service is indicated in the receipt, you should file a complaint with the prosecutor's office with a claim in court. In this case, if you have already paid the amount indicated in the receipt, the basis for the claim will be Article 395 Civil Code RF. If a refund is not required, but you must pay for services that are not provided to you, file a claim to exclude the “water heating” line. In this case, it is worth referring to Article 16 of the Law “On Protection of Consumer Rights”.

By order of the Committee on Tariffs and Prices of the Moscow Region dated December 13, 2014 No. 149-R “On setting tariffs for hot water for 2015”, a two-component tariff for hot water was approved on the basis of Resolution of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406 “On state regulation of tariffs in in the field of water supply and sanitation." The procedure for calculating and paying fees for utility services is defined in the Rules for the provision of utility services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354. Accordingly, the procedure for calculating payments for hot water has been changed. Now the fee for 1 cubic meter of hot water consists of two components:

First- fee for 1 cubic meter of cold water.

Second- payment for thermal energy that was spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.

The cold water component is the volume of cold water (CW) for hot water supply needs. If there are individual metering devices (meters), this component is determined - according to the readings of the hot water metering device (DHW), in the absence of an individual metering device - according to the standard, i.e. 3.5 cubic meters per 1 person. per month.

From January 1, 2015, residents apartment buildings in the city of Lyubertsy, which are equipped with communal metering devices, charges for hot water are made according to a two-component tariff: the cold water component for DHW and the thermal energy component for DHW.

Payment for hot water for residents of the house must also be made according to a two-part tariff. The house is equipped with common house hot water metering devices. Payment for hot water from 07/01/2015 must be calculated according to the current two-component tariff: the cold water component for DHW (at a tariff of 33.28 rubles / cubic meter) and the thermal energy (TE) component for DHW at a tariff of 2141.46 rubles ./Gcal.

In receipts for payment for housing and communal services from July 1, 2015, “Hot water supply” is indicated in two lines:

Cold water supply for hot water supply - the volume of cold water (cold water supply) for hot water supply needs;

TE for hot water supply - thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.

The readings of a common house meter - the amount of hot water for the current month and the amount of thermal energy consumed in the current month for circulation and heating of the specified amount of water are shown on back side receipts, for example, are as follows:

1089.079 cu.m. m. - PV for hot water supply ( physical water for hot water supply);

110.732 Gcal. - TE for hot water supply (thermal energy for hot water supply).

The actual amount of thermal energy that is spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water for a home is determined based on the total volume of thermal energy to the total volume of hot water for the current month, which is:

= TE for DHW / PV for DHW = 110.732 Gcal. / 1089.079 cu.m. m. = 0.1017 Gcal/cub.m

then, the actual cost of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of water in the current month will be:

0.1017 Gcal/cub.m x 2141.46 rub. for 1 Gcal. = 217.79 rub.

Please note that the amount of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water in each billing month may differ, because is a calculated value and depends on the amount (volume) of hot water consumed by the house in the current month and the amount of thermal energy spent on circulating and heating this volume. Every month, these readings are taken from the general house heat energy meter and transferred to the heat supply organization and at the same time recorded on the back of the receipt for each current month.