Beautiful houses with flat roofs. Projects of houses with a flat roof. Option #3 – PVC, TPO and EPDM membranes

1.
2.
3.
4.

Most often, when designing private houses, pitched roofs are used, but cottages with a flat roof, as in the photo, are much less common. IN last years after the appearance latest technologies and modern materials for covering flat roofs, it is possible to create effective waterproofing, despite their unusual shape.

The presence of such a roof makes appearance a private house is exclusive and original, as it stands out against the background of buildings with hipped or pitched roofs.

Cottage projects with flat roof have their own characteristics, and their construction is associated with some nuances, since the roofs on them can be:

Advantages and disadvantages of a flat roof

A flat roof provides the property owner with a number of advantages, including:

The disadvantages of the structural solution of flat roofs include:

• carrying out installation with strict observance technologies for their waterproofing and. The slightest violation of the rules as a result of negligence or negligence results in the roof leaking if precipitation accumulates on it. Extraordinary repairs roofing covering will cost a lot of money, and sometimes it will be necessary to completely reconstruct the roof of the cottage;
• availability in winter period on flat surface large quantity snow requires (if the roof is planned to be used) regular snow removal, which can only be done manually;
• in the process of melting snow on waterproofing layer there is a significant load

Features of flat roofs

When developing a project for a cottage with a flat roof, regardless of the number of floors in it, the following features must be taken into account:

Creating a flat lightweight roof

If they plan to build a cottage with a flat roof with a lightweight roof, they do not plan to use it.

The procedure for constructing such a structure is as follows:

As a result of the work performed, a flat roof is obtained, which is of the lightweight type. It performs the functions assigned to it completely, but it is not able to withstand even a slight load. If you want to create a small place for rest on a flat roof, you need to build the roof using a completely different technology.

Construction of a house with a flat roof, more details in the video:

Construction of a usable flat roof

When designing cottages with a flat roof and a hard surface, it is assumed that the created roof will not sag under the weight of the load (read: ""). There are several ways to construct a serviceable pavement.

One of the most simple options is styling concrete slabs as a cover. Bearing structures To do this, they must have a significant margin of safety; in addition, installation is carried out using construction equipment. A roof made of concrete slabs must be insulated, but such work can only be done from inside the room.

Another way is construction roofing, based on metal support beams - T-bars or I-beams and channels. Lay on top boardwalk made from lumber minimum thickness 22 millimeters, and a layer of expanded clay of at least 150 millimeters is poured on top of it. The hard covering is provided by a concrete screed.

The most in a modern way For solid construction, the use of large-sized ceramic building blocks is considered. They are laid on support beams, and they provide the roof, along with mechanical strength, with fairly good sound insulation and thermal insulation characteristics. Among the advantages of such ceramic roofing blocks, one cannot fail to mention their excellent resistance to moisture. Before making a screed for such a roof, backfilling with expanded clay is not required. The disadvantages of ceramic blocks include their high cost.

Cottages are built with a flat roof of a solid type with the installation of roofing membranes (optional). They provide additional waterproofing and improve performance characteristics flat roof.

Domestic consumers have long been familiar with the features of a flat roof, and believe that it is used for multi-story government buildings. But modern manufacturers decided to expand their market and found one for her new area applications.

This is surprising, but they appeared with a flat roof, featuring the same set functional features. It is suitable primarily for areas in which snowy winters and strong wind currents occur at a time concomitant with their manifestation.

Their power will quickly blow away large layers of snow, and the roof will always be clean. And powerful hurricanes will not be afraid of such a roof covering. The fact is that it actually won’t exist.

But this is only part of its capabilities. It will be possible to place many useful buildings for different times of the year. It might be a greenhouse or small garden, or maybe a dance floor. Other options are available based on the power of the owner's imagination.

But for everything to work out well, it is necessary to study the nuances of creating such structures. Now we will consider many issues related to this topic. To begin with, we advise you to familiarize yourself with photos of houses with a flat roof, which have already proven their suitability for various purposes.

What are the benefits of this roof design?

If we talk only about a private house, then they lie in the following points:

This roofing option will take up a smaller area compared to the most gently sloping modifications. This will help save on the amount of materials.

The process of its construction is noticeably faster than the installation of a gable or hip version. Due to this feature, create modern houses with a flat roof it is noticeably more profitable.

Ensures comfort and safety in performing the necessary rafter work processes. It is quite spacious and difficult to fall off.

Differs from gable design the fact that there is no need to carry out dismantling work from the outdated coating. It can be used as additional waterproofing or protection. This will help save energy and time.

Its surface is suitable for use as an additional area for organizing a flower garden, a cozy terrace, or a greenhouse.

You can mount various transparent elements to help organize beautiful view on the open starry sky at night or clouds with the sun during the day. And a charming view opens up to admire the rain or a strong storm - there are fans of this state of nature.

Helps to adjust the house to the basics of the minimalist style. He has now gained significant popularity.

What are the disadvantages? - Unfortunately, they exist...

If there is no strong wind, this option generously collects a lot of snow on its surface. You will need to clean it often in order to use the area for your purposes. Sometimes it can lead to noticeable leaks.

You will often have to clear snow using mechanical means. They can damage the roof.

The structure of the roof is particularly complex in comparison with other types of forms. For it you will have to organize a lot of drains. They, in turn, often become clogged.

From the pitched version of the roof covering, water drains on its own and this happens very quickly. She does not have time to cause noticeable damage.

On the flat version, water usually stands still and accumulates as rainfall continues. You will have to control the moisture content of the insulation and apply the coating at a small angle so that the water gradually finds the drains.

It will require less materials than a pitched one. But the creation itself is much more complicated. There are many subtleties that not everyone knows about and therefore often this roof option does not turn out the way it was intended.

Because of this, many people believe that a flat roof in a private house is not the best option. But now domestic manufacturers have learned about positive Western experience and learned to create the right materials.

And the specialists installation work adopted methods of high-quality work in this direction, and the situation began to change in better side. This approach has already been able to take root in Russia.

Is it suitable for frame versions of houses?

Yes, today you can see frame house with a flat roof are becoming more common and it is perceived as commonplace. This roof can be in two directions. For use and without it.

If the roof is to be used, then it is adapted to allow people to move comfortably across its surface. To do this, use a rigid version of the screed or another version of the rigid base. Due to pressure from the movement of people, the roof may leak. In this regard, it is necessary to consider creating reliable insulation from water.

But there is a version without human exploitation. Usually no one walks on it or rarely appears to clean its surface. The load on its area is distributed over the entire surface. But she has one significant problem. Its service life is too short. Although this version is often used due to possible features that satisfy the situation.

There is also a classic version of a flat roof. She is often called soft option roofs. It's forming load-bearing slab. The thermal insulation on it is laid on top of the vapor barrier coating. And then the bitumen version of the waterproofing is rolled out over the thermal insulation in the form of rolls.

Due to its advantageous features, this option is used to form such a modification of the roof on a frame house more often than any other.

But experts also highlight an inversion version for forming a flat roof. Sometimes this modification can help create a flat roof house style with a creative touch. experienced designer. What sets it apart is that the waterproofing will have to be applied to a waterproofing carpet.

This will help protect against changes in temperature and ultraviolet rays from the sun, which is important if it is located on open area and under their direct access. And this version also allows you to increase the service life - the force of influence on waterproofing from the processes of thawing or freezing of snow precipitation is noticeably reduced. It is quite suitable for installing furniture and assembling a greenhouse.

Important points

For quality arrangement the flat version of the roof will require installation in any case correct option carpet It will help soften the base in case of temperature or mechanical stress. This will help ensure the durability of the coating.

Now based on impact Western culture Russians began to increasingly pay attention to this roof option. The domestic user realized that a cup of coffee at any time on such a roof is a wonderful option. Here the sky is open at all times. And there is constant access to clean air. This great option, but a pitched roof cannot offer this.

Of course, not everyone can afford such a roof. Usually the maximum for a Russian is going out to the balcony. But over time it will become a reality for every resident of our country.

If you have the opportunity to create it today, there is no doubt that this is the best option. Today, houses in the Hi-Tech style are gaining great popularity and are mainly based on a flat roof. She has already become their full-fledged companion.

Photos of houses with a flat roof

Residents post-Soviet space strongly associate flat roofs with multi-story buildings standard houses. Modern architectural thought does not stand still, and now there are many solutions for private houses and cottages with a flat roof that look no less interesting than pitched structures.

Peculiarities

The one-story house with a flat roof has a stylish and modern look. Basically, such designs are stylized in a special way, choosing the directions of minimalism or hi-tech. Traditional styles they will not be suitable for buildings with such a roof, since such roofs have only recently been developed properly, therefore, any of the classical trends will look ridiculous here.

Of particular interest is how exactly the roof will be used: either for its intended purpose, or as an additional open tier-terrace. It is necessary to decide on this issue in advance in order to competently draw up a project plan.

Materials

For the construction of 1-story cottages with a flat roof, they are used various materials, however, it is worth keeping in mind that not all of them are suitable for the Russian climate. In winter, a large amount of snow falls over almost the entire territory of Russia, which greatly increases the load on a flat roof. Therefore, you can’t make walls out of light and not enough durable materials. In this regard, popular frame buildings will not be suitable, but there is another prefabricated option.

Materials for floors and walls differ. If almost all durable types are suitable for walls (monolith, brick, wood), then for the roof you will have to choose the type of building material more carefully.

Reinforced concrete slabs

Hollow or flat reinforced concrete slabs used in modern construction for floor coverings. They are strong enough to support the weight of a flat roof.

Plates have many positive qualities:

• strength;
• durability;
• good sound and heat insulation characteristics;
• speed of installation;
• resistance to corrosive phenomena.

photos

The main disadvantage of the material is that it is produced only in standard sizes, this must be taken into account when creating the project. Reinforced concrete slabs are suitable for floors only in a house that has a reinforced foundation.

Corrugated sheet

For floors, a special corrugated sheet is used, which is called load-bearing. Like the previous option, it is perfect for installation as a flat roof. Load-bearing corrugated sheeting is very popular mainly because of its low cost. This material costs significantly less than all the others. However, the low price did not prevent it from establishing itself as durable and universal material, which has an excellent ability to withstand the heavy loads that a flat roof is subjected to.

Load-bearing corrugated sheeting weighs much less than reinforced concrete slabs, so it is optimal for creating flat roofs in an average climate zone with little precipitation in winter.

Monolithic concrete

This material is used for floors quite rarely due to the complexity of installation. Here you first need to prepare the mixture, after which you can fill it. Only true professionals in their field can do this. However, it should be noted that monolithic concrete It works well as a flat roof, but only if the manufacturing and installation technology has been fully followed.

Modern one-story houses with a flat roof are not usually built from traditional materials. For this purpose, modern developments are best suited, which can withstand both harsh winters and summer heat. At the same time, they are easy to work with, and the construction itself does not take much time.

SIP or sandwich panels

The catalog of every self-respecting construction agency contains standard projects one-story houses with a flat roof made of SIP panels. Please note that it is best to order cottages made from this material. Construction requires special technology, so it can be difficult for a beginner to work with sandwich panels.

Speaking of virtues panel houses, one can note their low thermal conductivity and high noise insulation characteristics. Construction costs much less than using brick. At the same time, abandoning the pitched roof also plays a significant role.

Flat roof

We are all accustomed to seeing flat roofs only multi-storey buildings Soviet built. There is an opinion among many that such roofs are boring, and real home should only be equipped pitched roof y. In the light of recent architectural developments, this belief can be argued, especially if we remember the many advantages of such roofs.

It is impossible not to make a reservation that one-story houses with a flat roof can only be stylized in a modern direction. The flat roof itself looks futuristic, and you need to use this free space.

Advantages

There are many benefits of flat roofs.

• Easy to install. The construction of a flat roof can be completed in record time.
• Reliability. If you organize the roof in the right way, it can withstand a lot of weight. Moreover, if something happens, repairing such a structure is much easier than repairing the rafter system.
• Excellent thermal insulation. Regardless of what type of flat roof structure was chosen, it will perfectly retain heat inside the house.

• Cheapness. Compared to pitched ones, flat structures are much cheaper both in terms of materials and time consumption.
• Easy to install equipment. Antennas, air conditioners, and various service communications are much easier to locate on a flat surface than on a slope.
• Interesting view. If the house itself is decorated in the style of “minimalism,” then a laconic roof without a slope will perfectly complement the overall look.
• Additional area. If desired, the roof can be strengthened and used to organize space for a playground, garden or recreation area. Some even make a swimming pool here.

Flaws

There are not many disadvantages, but they still exist.

• No matter how good the roof is, there is always a chance that it will leak. In the case of a flat structure, the risk increases many times over, because it is subject to heavy loads due to the fact that the snow does not roll off.
• If you plan to use the cover for your needs in winter, snow and ice will have to be cleaned off manually.
• The construction of a flat roof must be carried out in full compliance with the technology, otherwise there is a risk that it will leak or will not withstand the loads and collapse.

Varieties

Pitched roofs are divided according to several criteria, including the method of use and the type of installation of materials. As a rule, the name of each of the characteristics speaks for itself.

By method of use

Roofs can be used or unused.

Used roofs are those that are used not only as roofs, but also as additional space for spending time. Reinforced systems are used here, allowing not only to place heavy equipment on the roof, but even to organize a “green corner” here, planting a lawn, flowers and even trees. Equipping a structure of this type costs quite a lot, and it is important to factor into the design in advance what weight load the roof will be subject to.

Unused roofs are much cheaper due to the fact that they do not need to be additionally reinforced and equipped with waterproofing. The only thing you need to pay attention to is the snow loads to which the roof will be exposed in winter.

By type of installation of materials

There are classic, inversion and breathable roofs.

Classic types are usually used when designing unused roofs. This is due to the fact that they have a lower load resistance coefficient. Moisture or mechanical stress can be detrimental to these roofs.

The layer layout looks like this (from top to bottom):

• top welding material (waterproofing);
• bottom welded material (waterproofing);
• screed (if provided);
• insulation;
• vapor barrier layer;
• overlap

Thus, an unprotected waterproofing layer quickly becomes unusable.

The inversion roof looks exactly the opposite, as can be understood from the name:

• ballast (gravel, crushed stone or other heavy material);
• vapor barrier;
• hydrophobic insulation;
• waterproofing;
• protective substrate (primer);
• overlap

Such flat roofs have a long service life and are optimally suited to the roofs in use.

Both classic and inversion designs can be breathable. They are equipped with aerators or deflectors to provide additional ventilation, because there is no gap between the flat roof and the house, as is the case with pitched roofs. This leads to insufficient air exchange, which is why organizing a ventilation system is so important.

Project

Making a project one-story house with a flat roof, it is extremely important to pay attention close attention type of roof. Here the roof is the most important component. Russian companies have been engaged in such design for a short time, so contact only trusted agencies.

The type and shape of the roof always depended on the region and the natural and climatic conditions that existed in it. In northern lands with a lot of rain in summer and snow in winter, they were historically used different types pitched roofs. This has a completely rational justification - this way precipitation rolls down faster, and the roof is more likely not to leak.

In some places, a dome acted as an alternative to a pitched roof. As an example, we can name such a traditional type of residential building for some peoples as the yurt.

Dome, like pitched roof, is quite effective in removing snow and water. In addition, it copes well with wind loads - which is a serious threat to the familiar sloping roof with large overhangs.

But the hot southern regions could afford to make a very slight slope for water drainage. For example, in ancient Greece, one-story houses with a flat roof with a slight slope, an open courtyard and a pool into which water flowed were common.

However, this is all about the past. Modern construction technologies make it possible to do things that were previously considered irrational and even impossible. And flat roofs gradually penetrated into all regions, increasingly displacing other options. Take a look at any Big City. And recently, in private houses, flat roofing is gradually replacing the traditional pitched roof.

Advantages of a flat roof

This trend is explained by a number of significant advantages that this particular type of roofing has. Firstly, it is structurally simpler. That is, its construction requires less time and materials. It is easier to insulate it. This leads to a reduction in construction time and significant cost savings. It is not surprising that in a market economy this type of roofing has become most widespread.

And secondly, a flat roof is a potential opportunity to increase usable area, which you can use. After all, such a roof can be made usable - which is what we see in numerous projects of modern houses with a flat roof.

And this idea is from beautiful projects has long since begun to migrate into reality. This is not an architectural utopia, but something that you can implement in your own if you wish. two-story house with a flat roof.

Disadvantages of a flat roof of a house

Of course, the widespread introduction of this type of roofing also has a huge number of opponents who claim significant disadvantages of this solution.

For example, it is often said that flat roofs still leak too often.

And the absence of the usual overhangs for a pitched roof makes the facades of the building more vulnerable, which are not protected in any way from the destructive influence of moisture and, as a result, quickly lose their appearance.

They mention an even greater snow load, which leads to the need to manually clean the roofs. But let's look at each of these disadvantages in a little more detail.

Frequent leaks: who is to blame and what to do

Unfortunately, this is a reality - a huge number of modern apartment buildings with a flat roof regularly need repairs. And residents of their upper floors often suffer from water flowing along the walls and ceiling.

However, it is not the type of roofing itself that is to blame. Remember to panel houses after all, other claims are often made. Poor sound insulation, freezing walls in some places... The thing is that during the construction of most of the modern housing stock, they relied not on quality, but on speed and quantity. And it was right - the housing crisis was very acute, it had to be solved somehow.

But yes, as a result, residents of such houses now have problems. Including with a leaking roof. But not because this type of roof is, in principle, unable to withstand the destructive effects of moisture. But because its installation requires professionalism, a careful approach and high-quality materials.

However, for those so common in panel residential buildings There is another reason for problems with leaks. This is a failure to comply with what are called “operating rules.”

There are different types of flat roofing. For example, one on which you can walk, even plant grass there, organize recreation areas, parks, and swimming pools on it.

If you undertake to study fashion projects houses with a flat roof - all this is often found there. But standard construction involves a different type of structure. One that you basically can’t walk on.

However, it is not always possible to fulfill this condition in practice. The roofs are cleared of snow, communications are installed on them - and so on. And all of these actions potentially lead to future leaks.

Thus, if you entrust the installation of a flat roof to professionals in your private home and comply with all operating conditions, the roof will not disappoint you.

The destructive influence of moisture: how to save facades

So, critics of flat roofs say that the lack of large overhangs characteristic of a traditional pitched roof leads to the rapid destruction of facades. And, in general, it’s hard to argue - water can even affect mountain slopes, let alone brickwork.

However, do overhangs really protect facades from moisture that well? Imagine slanting streams of rain falling onto the surface of a wall at an angle. The roof overhangs take on some of it, that's true.

But in fact, they really only cover a small strip of the facade from above. The larger the protruding part of the roof, the larger this space will be. But its size cannot be increased indefinitely.

Thus, to protect facades, you need not some special type of roofing, but modern construction technologies. For example, a frame house with a flat roof, lined with porcelain tiles or siding, will be extremely resistant to external influences.

Snow loads

This factor can be very significant in some regions. The snow layer has a large weight, which additionally loads the ceiling. And if it fails, the consequences will be very dire.

However, according to the rules, the design features of a flat roof are calculated taking into account the possible snow load. Thus, if no fatal errors were made during design and construction, snow will not affect the house in any way, no matter what kind of roof it has.

Aesthetic options

Sometimes you can hear that rectangular boxes with a flat roof are uninteresting and ugly. Of course, those who say this have never seen modern houses with a flat roof, even in a photo, let alone in person.

It is no coincidence that this architectural solution are now at the peak of popularity. Styles such as hi-tech, minimalism, and modernism invariably give preference to roofs with a slight slope. Because this allows you to create a more complex planning structure, implement previously impossible ideas, create expressive and unusual compositions. Such architecture can look very impressive and original.

Photos of houses with a flat roof

Non-professionals associate a flat roof with the negative legacy of the Soviet past, when administrative buildings this type had an unprepossessing, gloomy appearance, and upper floors high-rise buildings suffered from constant leaks. Over the past 10-15 years, the production of roofing materials has undergone significant changes, thanks to which it has been possible to create durable, strong and reliable polymer coatings new generation. From that moment on, flat roof house designs began to gain popularity.

Single storey – traditional architectural form southern coastal towns, resorts and luxury villas in Art Nouveau style, where a mild climate prevails without much rainfall. The main part of the Russian territory is located in an area of ​​high snow load, so this construction technology began to be introduced recently, when modern roofing materials with improved performance characteristics appeared. Over the past ten years, one-story buildings with a flat roof have been tested in the harsh Russian winters and have demonstrated the following advantages over their pitched counterparts:

1. Space saving. One-story houses with a flat roof, built according to frame technology, due to rational use seats are a compact design that can be placed on a small construction site within the city or in the suburbs. This quality is relevant in the context of a constant increase in the cost of land for development.
2. Saving materials. A flat roof does not have a slope, so less roofing material is spent on this type of roofing than on pitched analogues. Less wood is used during construction rafter frame, which reduces costs. In addition, flat roofs small size You can install it yourself without spending money on hiring professional roofers.
3. Possibility of expanding the area. A one-story house with a flat roof can become a transitional option until the need and financial opportunity arise to add a second floor. This versatility will be an additional advantage for young families, the composition of which may soon change.
4. Wide range of roofing options. If a one-story house is equipped with a flat usable roof, additional space can be equipped on it to satisfy a variety of needs: sports grounds, recreation areas with barbecues, swimming pools, create lawns, beds or flower beds. For conservation-conscious homeowners natural resources, designs of houses with a flat roof on which they are installed are suitable solar panels to provide “clean” energy.

Note! Roofing materials based on cardboard and bitumen impregnations, used in the past, had a service life of only 5-8 years, were damaged by sunlight, and cracked due to sudden temperature changes. But coatings made from fiberglass and synthetic rubber with polymer resins, will protect the house for 50 years. New generation materials are not needed for flooring gas-burner, so they are suitable for DIY installation.

A roof that has no slope is called flat; it rests on all 4 load-bearing walls Houses. This design is a multilayer coating of rolled or self-leveling waterproofing materials, laid on a prepared base. Do-it-yourself installation of a flat roof is carried out by layering, pouring or gluing in the following sequence:

• Base. The first layer of a flat roof is a base made of concrete slabs, wooden beams or corrugated sheets, which are prepared in a special way. A primer is applied to it to reduce surface roughness and increase material adsorption.
• Screed. Screed from cement-sand mortar serves as a leveling layer, with the help of which the roof is sloped, creating a slope in the places where water inlet funnels will be installed.
• Vapor barrier. This layer of diffuse membrane roofing is a barrier to water vapor that penetrates from the heated room into the thickness of the roof, causing the insulation to become damp. To give the membrane strength, it is reinforced with fiberglass.
• Thermal insulation. To protect a one-story house from cooling and heat loss through a flat roof, thermal insulation material is installed on it. For this purpose they use backfill insulation(expanded clay), glass wool, basalt fiber, slag wool or extruded polystyrene foam.
• Waterproofing. Waterproofing of modern flat roofs is carried out using polymer rolls or self-leveling materials. Roll coverings laid in several layers to prevent leaks in the connecting seams. Bulk materials ( liquid roofing felt, liquid rubber) allow you to waterproof roofs of complex configurations; pre-heating is not required during their installation.

Important! The quality of installation of a flat roof on a one-story house depends on weather conditions. Experienced roofers and manufacturers recommend laying the coating when dry, warm weather when the temperature exceeds 5 degrees. At low temperatures bottom layer bituminous materials It takes longer to heat up, so installation takes longer and gas consumption increases.

Types of flat roofs

Single-pitched houses with a flat roof fit organically into the urban landscape and look just as good as a country residence. Abundant glazing, use in decoration natural materials make the structure light, filled with light and spacious, despite its small size. Depending on the nature of use and financial developers, the following types of flat roofs are used in projects:

Important! Flat roof the perimeter is fenced with a parapet, protective barrier, which holds snow masses and rainwater from a spontaneous discharge. On exploited roofs, the parapet acts as a fence that prevents people from falling, so it must have a height of at least 1.2 m.

Video instruction