Jib beams in the supporting structure of a frame house. Are jibs needed in a frame house if it is sheathed with OSB? Are jibs needed in internal partitions?

From the above it is easy to understand that the presence of a jib in wooden house not a whim, but a necessity. Below are the basic recommendations for its correct installation:

• To achieve maximum rigidity of the building, it should be placed at an angle of 45 degrees, but, unfortunately, it is difficult to adhere to the exact value in places where window or door openings are located. For this reason, it is quite acceptable to install the jib at an angle of no more than 60 degrees, in in this case an increase in the angle value can be successfully compensated by increasing the number of jibs.
• The use of a hollow jib when creating frames is highly discouraged. Hollow ones are excellent for small-sized (most often one-story) buildings, and only if there are flexible connections.
• The jib should fit snugly to the edges of the racks and ceilings, without forming gaps.
• Special grooves must be made not only in the vertical posts, but also in the upper and lower trim. The depth and size of the groove directly depends on the thickness of the jib.
• She has various sizes cross section, which are always calculated individually for each region. Sizing calculations depend on requirements based on state building codes. There are no universal meanings.
• The corner ribs are attached to the vertical posts using two or three nails.

During the installation of the jib, the following factors are unacceptable:

• You should not use wood from forests with artificial moisture, since the boards instantly “shrink out”, forming significant gaps in places of tight joints, reducing the reliability of the structure.
• The use of low-quality lumber in construction is prohibited.
• It is not recommended to install in corners as this may compromise the overall stability and durability of the house.

Versatility, durability, safety and acceptable prices doing construction frame houses the most profitable and practical solution. Our company specializes in construction

We continue the series of texts about wall nodes frame house. Finally we have reached the cuttings. Jib frame house— important element wall, which is needed so that the house does not fold in any direction after construction. If you have read news about careless builders on the forum, you have probably seen such situations.

Jib beams in a frame house

In order for your frame house to stand long and strong, jibs are cut into the wall racks of the frame house.

Important: the frame house jib must cut at an angle of 45-60 degrees into both frames (lower and upper). Sometimes the second top trim also cuts in (as in the picture above), but less often.

Video about how to embed a jib in frame house? How to do it in 1 minute

Ukosin must be used if slab cladding (OSB-3, plywood) is not planned for the walls. With slab sheathing, jibs are not needed; it is more than 5 times stronger than jibs (if it is OSB or 12 mm plywood). But for frame one-story house and the cuts are quite enough.

In any case (with or without slab cladding), you will need temporary jib.

Temporary jibs in a frame house

Temporary jibs are used at the stage immediately after the walls are raised, while they are not yet secured on top with floor joists, and slab sheathing has not been installed. Temporary jibs help the walls not to fall anywhere and remain in a given place. It’s better not to skimp on the number of boards, as they can be easily removed later.

It all looks like this:

Small bonus:
How to raise a wall with sheathing(photo). Note that even with slab cladding, the builder installs temporary jibs.


Although this is not often done, perhaps someone will decide that it is more convenient for him this way. I didn’t bother translating, everything seems to be clear.

Little bonus #2:
How to attach the second top wall trim frame (photo)

Ask questions in the comments or personally to me in individual consultations, and I also remind you that our design team will develop for you in accordance with all your wishes.

You need to know the main rule - installing the jib. The jib is an important, one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without this detail, the house will be shaky, easily exposed to the forces of nature, and its service life will be reduced tenfold.

Jibs: necessity or myth

There are popular opinions and “myths” about the need for mowing:
1. jibs are extra costs time and money during construction. So, people far from the construction business can argue. As stated earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element is its rigidity.
2. They can be replaced outer skin. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the exterior trim must be made of tile material or the finishing boards must be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. For internal walls (partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the structure of the house from wind, snow on the roof and static load from the roof itself will be perceived only external walls. Partitions without jibs will undergo deformation, and the entire interior decoration will be damaged and cracks will appear.
4. Spacers are jibs. Developers often confuse struts with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the height of the walls is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. But they do not give the house structure the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jib beams in a frame house are a necessity!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet sheathing or slabs (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photographs of houses without jibs that refutes your hopes.

Let's look at the benefits of using jib beams when building a house:
Without the use of these parts, the frame and the entire house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
Prevents deformation and damage to external and interior decoration Houses.
Eliminates “walking” of inter-wall insulation.
Stabilizes the house and prevents it from folding.
Wind load, the “snow” load and the static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure building.

Correct jibs

In the structure, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to properly manufacture and secure them:
1. The installation angle of the jib is 45 ° ( perfect angle, provides maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings It is not always possible to maintain this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the ceiling of the vertical post with the top trim. At the top, the jibs should fit tightly (without gaps) to the edges of the racks and the upper ceiling.
4. When installing the jibs under them in vertical posts, it is necessary to make grooves for the jibs in the upper and lower trim. The depth of the groove is made depending on the thickness of the jibs. IN steel frame the jibs must go inside metal profile racks
5. The cross-sectional dimensions of the jib are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Attach the corner stiffeners to each vertical post with two nails.

Mistakes that can be made when installing jib:

Using forests with unnatural humidity. As they dry further, the boards “shrink out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller than those necessary to resist the loads.
Use of low-quality lumber.
Placement of jibs in corners. Leads to a decrease in the rigidity and stability of the structure.

Consequences of building a frame house without jib
Refusal to use jib beams in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:
destruction of the house under the influence of snow and wind loads;
external cladding plywood (it has high degree spatial rigidity compared to chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
under the influence of soil movement, the house can “walk” on its own;

Temporary jib
Installation of temporary jibs is a necessary step during the construction of the building frame. They are used:
During installation of corner posts. Temporary jibs prevent the connection between the corner post and the bottom frame from becoming loose until installation top harness.
To level frame walls and eliminate the following problems when installing doors, windows, interior and exterior finishing. When the doors are not hung, but finishing slabs do not meet in the corner.
For installation and alignment of rafters under the roof.

The procedure for installing temporary jibs:
1. First we align the corners. For this operation, you can use a bubble or laser level. You can also use the “American” method. Secure the level to a board as long as the height of the wall.
2. Temporary jibs are fastened with blocks secured to the floor or platform at the bottom and to the upper joists at the top.
3. The installation pitch of the jib is from 1.2 m to 1.5 m. They are made from boards with a section of 25x150 mm.
With the help of temporary jib, you can correct significant defects by creating the necessary leverage.

Do-it-yourself jibs

Although jibs are an important element of a frame house, making them yourself will not be particularly difficult:
1. As a rule, a board with a cross-section of 25x100 mm is used (for areas with increased wind load, a cross-section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than height walls.
2. Apply it to the vertical posts at an angle of 45 - 60 ° (depending on the design of the wall, where it turns out). We mark the grooves in the racks, from the upper to the lower joists. The jib should come from the center of the wall, the top should be directed towards the upper corner of the post, and the bottom should be moved as far as possible.
3. With a regular hacksaw or manual circular saw We make grooves and remove the wood with a chisel. The corners of the jib itself are also trimmed along the outsole.
4. The jib must fit tightly into the grooves made to ensure maximum rigidity.
5. In window and doorways It is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the hole. Thus, it is carried out additional fastening racks of openings.
6. The jibs are fastened with 2 nails. for each vertical stand and 3 pcs. on the top and bottom trim.
By following these steps in the manufacture of jibs, you will obtain the necessary rigidity of your structure to withstand wind and snow loads.

Ukosina - inclined installed timber, whose purpose is to support vertical design or part thereof. In construction they are used to increase the rigidity of the frame. Jib beams are installed in a frame house to increase the stability and strength of the frame.

In Russia, frame houses began to be built after many years of their construction in America and Europe. Canadian and Finnish frame technologies have been formed. Accumulated Huge experience frame construction. All mistakes, shortcomings and their impact on the operation of houses are summarized in the Rules or Code. Some of its provisions have been translated and included in the Code of Rules for the design and construction of frame houses, valid in Russia. The vault allows you to use other people’s experience, build frame houses without mistakes from available materials. Unfortunately, in practice the rules are distorted due to the desire to reduce the cost and simplify construction. Reinterpretation occurs at the level of design, choice of materials, and construction itself. As a result, consumers develop misconceptions about frame technology, performance qualities such houses.

Racks, joists and ceilings are at right angles or parallel to each other. Without the use of special stabilizing elements, the house may collapse. Such an element is a jib, a bar installed and secured at an angle to the racks. A house with walls containing such strengthening elements can withstand any gusts of wind or earthquakes.

No jibs

Among Russian builders, the opinion has spread that jibs for a frame house are optional. Despite this, such an element of the foundation of the house is extremely necessary. Sheathing with slabs can replace them only when creating small buildings for economic purposes. The absence of jibs for a residential building threatens destruction, which begins with deformation of the interior and exterior finishes and displacement of the heat-insulating layer.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

In frame houses built at the beginning, jibs were not always used. Instead, the house was sheathed with boards set at 45° in a herringbone pattern. Many years of experience proved the unreliability of this method; it is used for non-residential buildings of small area.

Ways to increase the rigidity of the foundation of a house

To increase the stability of the frame, use:

1. The wooden jib is installed at an angle of 45°. If adjacent walls, door or window openings do not allow this angle to be maintained, it is increased to 60°, sometimes more. The increase in angle should be compensated by installing more elements on the wall. To reliably stabilize the frame, a 25 x 100 mm board, embedded in the top and bottom boards, is sufficient. bottom trim. The use of planks with a larger cross-section leads to unreasonable costs for materials. The lower edge of the plank is placed closer to the center of the house, the upper edge - to the perimeter. Wooden jibs are strong, slightly weigh down the frame, and can withstand tensile and compressive loads.
2. Metal jibs are most common in North America, are rarely used in Russia due to their significant weight and susceptibility to corrosion. They are attractive due to their low cost and speed of installation. Metal jibs are also cut into the upper and lower skins, but they are installed in a cross. This is due to the fact that metal strips can only withstand tensile loads and cannot withstand compressive loads. Installing two elements in a cross allows you to compensate for loads in any direction.
3. External sheathing with plywood or oriented strand boards. Attached to the posts and boards of the lower frame, they form a triangle.

Which method to choose depends on specific conditions: building area, climate, purpose, number of floors. A combination of jib materials is possible.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Jib braces should not be confused with struts. Spacers have a different purpose; they are installed according to completely different rules. The spacer is used to eliminate the spring effect of the boards at high wall heights (from 3 m).

What does the absence of stabilizing elements or their incorrect installation lead to?

An illiterate approach to the design of frame buildings leads to a loss of strength and durability of the house. In the absence of jibs in load-bearing walls and partitions, the structure does not last even one year. They resist displacement and lateral loads. Engineering calculations taking into account maximum snow and wind loads are required.

What to consider when installing a jib

In order for the jib to reliably strengthen the frame of the building, when installing it, you must follow the rules:

1. The thickness of the plank is up to one-fourth of the wall thickness.
2. The jib is cut flush into the trim boards and wall posts.
3. At least two elements are installed on one wall different sides: tilt one to the left, the other to the right.
4. If the jib is installed before the wall is raised, in a lying position, then it should not be fixed rigidly, so that after installing the wall in a vertical position, the bar can be adjusted.
5. Install jibs with inside walls are more rational from the point of view of the formation of cold bridges. WITH outside more convenient to attach. The choice of wall side does not affect the diagonal stiffness.

Temporary elements

Temporary jibs support the walls after they are erected until they are permanently secured to the floor joists and the sheathing is installed.