DIY sliding doors. DIY sliding doors in different versions. Installation Tools and Materials

If previously only specialists knew how to do sliding doors, could get the necessary spare parts and install everything in in the right order, then today these opportunities are opening up for simple “homemade” ones. This design can significantly save space in small apartments oh, and if you do all the work yourself, you can also save a lot of money.

At first it may seem that all interior doors sliding type are the same, but this is a misconception. Firstly, they differ in . It can be plastic, MDF, natural wood and even glass. Combined elements with wood and glass inserts are in great demand. Secondly, they have a different mechanism. The canvas can move only along one guide, located at the top, or along two, installed in both the upper and lower parts. The number of rollers also varies - 2 or 4. The option with two guides is considered more reliable.

Thirdly, the number of doors varies, although single-leaf structures are most often chosen for apartments. If we are talking about a private house, with spacious rooms and wide doorways, then you can install double-leaf interior doors.

Double-leaf interior doors

You can also find divisions into compartments, radius designs and “accordion”. The first type is most common among apartment residents. The simple design and easy installation allows you to do all the installation work yourself without the help of professionals. In this case, the doors move linearly along special rails. If there is only one guide located on top, then such a mechanism is called suspended, and structures with two parts that ensure the movement of the blade are of the rail type.

Interior radius doors are distinguished by curved shapes. Prominent representatives of this type are shower doors. Despite the stunning appearance, such elements are only appropriate in spacious houses. But the well-known “accordion” will fit perfectly into small spaces. It consists of several panels that fold according to the principle of the tool of the same name. The last plank is rigidly attached directly to the jamb, and all other panels move using a guide and a roller mechanism. To prevent spontaneous opening of such a door, the design provides a special stopper.

Unlike doors that open and close using hinges, these doors move on rollers along guides. The quality and size of the mechanism depends on the material from which it is made door leaf. For example, if we are talking about glass structures, then the rollers should be more durable and reliable. And for lighter materials, such as MDF, a simple mechanism will do. Sometimes it is even enough to install the top guide.

Sliding door rollers

The fittings are also somewhat different from the standard ones. Take, for example, the same pens. If we talk about swing doors, this fitting protrudes significantly so that it is convenient for us to grab it and turn it. But by installing such an element on sliding panel, you simply will not be able to control it, since the protruding part will interfere with the movement of the sash along the guides. Standard horizontal locks are also not suitable; they should be replaced with vertical ones. The fittings usually come with the selected type of door. But if you decide to make such doors yourself, then you should choose and additional details.

We often come across this type of door when going to a supermarket, shopping center, sliding wardrobes are also equipped with such a mechanism, but is it relevant to install them as elements separating rooms in a residential building? Let's look at the pros and cons of this design.

Sliding door type

It is worth noting that doors on rollers look very stylish. A huge variety of designs will allow this item to become the highlight of the room or the entire home. They will look great in spacious houses, and in a small apartment they will be a wonderful solution to save square footage. Another advantage is the durability of the structure. They do not react at all to drafts, unlike swinging specimens. Opens and closes freely and easily. Plus, it becomes possible to automate this process.

For the sake of fairness, we need to talk about the disadvantages of these sliding elements. First of all, the high cost. You still won't be able to hide from extraneous sounds behind such a door, since the sound insulation is low. On the one hand, this design will significantly save space, on the other hand, you will not be able to place furniture in the area of ​​the guides.

At this point we will focus Special attention the practical part, because making sliding doors with your own hands the first time is not so easy.

DIY sliding doors

How to make sliding doors with your own hands - step by step diagram

Step 1: Preparing the Material

It is very important not only to decide on the type, but also to choose the right element in size. The door leaf should be several centimeters wider and higher than the opening being closed. But the length of the guides is twice the size of the door, and there is still a 5 cm margin. When purchasing a ready-made structure, you also receive a set of fasteners, but sometimes the fittings may not be included in the price of the system and must be purchased separately. If you want to assemble the system yourself, for this you need to prepare all the components, namely: wooden beam cross-section 4x4 cm, door leaf, platbands, stand, fastening mechanism and lock with handles.

Step 2: Assembling the door leaf

We take a wooden beam and make a frame of the given dimensions. In this case, all sides of the element are connected using a tongue-and-groove system. For more reliable fixation, the joints should be treated special glue. Inside the structure we place glass, wood or a sheet made of MDF or plastic. But it is best to give preference to lightweight materials. This will simplify the door control process. In addition, you should take into account the color scheme, because such an element should decorate the room. You can also combine different options, combining wood and glass, mirrors and laminate. In principle, you can even use swing door leaves, as long as they are the right size.

Step 3: Preparatory work

When installing interior doors of this type, it is very important to fix the guides correctly, otherwise the mechanism will not function as it should. We take a level and check how level the floor is, and if there is a slight slope, you need to fix it top bar taking it into account. You can hide the canvas in a wall niche; for this purpose they make a special “pocket” of plasterboard. All guides are installed in it, and the door slides inward. Of course, to bring this option to life, you will have to work hard, but the aesthetic side will benefit significantly.

Step 4: Marking

Now you need a tape measure. We measure the height of the door and add 20 mm to the resulting value; this gap will be quite enough. Next, you need to decide on the height of the roller mechanism, as well as the guides, add up all the values. After this, we make the corresponding marks on the wall. You can apply markings in another way. We attach the door leaf to the wall and mark with a pencil the places where the upper left and right corners touch. Then we measure the height of the guide and the roller mechanism and step back upward by the obtained value from our marks.

Step 5: Mounting the Rails

Interior doors of this type move along special rails. We fix the top element first, and then the bottom one. Sometimes the top rail alone is enough. Fastening methods largely depend on their design features. Some are fixed with dowels directly to the wall. Others are attached to specially installed beam or using brackets.

It is necessary to maintain a small gap between the rails and the wall, otherwise the canvas will cling to the platbands while moving.

Step 6: Install the Roller Mechanism

Now it’s the turn of the videos themselves. We install them on the most massive part of the door. It should be noted that in most cases there is no need to cut them into the body of the canvas. But if you want to minimize the gap between the floor and the moving sash, then you will have to do this operation. Cut seats for rollers you can use a simple chisel, and you don’t have to worry about ruining the appearance of the product, because the end of the door is not visible. The rollers should be installed at a distance of 100 mm from each edge.

Step 7: Final Stage

Now all that remains is to simply collect all the elements. We install the door leaf on the side, on which the roller mechanism is installed, and install the travel limiter. But it’s better not to do this operation yourself; call an assistant, since the door needs to be held, especially if it is too heavy or made of fragile glass. Now you need to decorate the opening and slopes. Special platbands and extensions will help us in this matter. And the fittings are installed last. As you can see, installing interior sliding doors with your own hands is a completely feasible task; you just need to be patient.

How to make sliding doors? This question arises before owners of small apartments when renovating or wanting to have more free space. small room. Such doors allow you to divide the space of the apartment into zones, maintaining the appearance of the integrity of the volume. To make them yourself, you need to know a little about the tool and have at least minimal knowledge of what it is.

Typical designs and their types

There are several types of doors that differ from each other in appearance, but the operating principle of their mechanism is almost the same.

The main elements of a sliding door are closing doors, guide rails and a carriage with rollers. The operation of the system is based on the following principle:

• the mobile element is installed on the door leaf;
• guides are usually fixed to the top of the doorway;
• the rollers move along the rails and pull one (or several) sashes along with them.

IN different designs the number of mechanisms used can vary from 2 to 4 or more. It is possible to use several guides and door leaves, which are made of decorative panels and cover the mechanism. In this case, extensions, platbands or special fittings are used.

Types of sliding doors:

• coupe;
• cascade design;
• harmonic;
• structures that open along a radius.

Sliding doors can have from 1 to 4 leaves.

Sliding door mechanisms and fittings used

When creating such a design, it is necessary to select a carriage with rollers depending on the number of leaves, the material used for their installation and the type of door. These parameters are different when using, for example, MDF and glass sheet, both in weight and in the load created on the rollers. If you need to install a cascade structure, then you need to select rails with 2 gutters and attach 2 rollers to each sash. The same applies to the coupe and the accordion. Reliability of operation installed door largely depends on the guides and carriage mechanism. If the structure is heavy (the material is tempered glass), it is necessary to use 2 rails: one at the top and the other at the bottom of the opening.

Locks, handles and other fittings for a sliding door are hidden in its leaf. This is done so that the doors do not interfere with each other when moving and can be hidden in a niche. The locks are vertical latches. If you need to select the fittings yourself (usually they come with the door panels), then it is better to consult a specialist.

Sliding door installation options

Installation of such structures in rooms with a small area allows the use of modern design developments. They can also be used when standard sizes apartments, and country house. There are many options for installing a sliding door. Let's look at some of them.

Most often, a double-leaf design is used to separate 2 residential areas. At the same time, the room looks like a single whole when the doors are moved apart and is divided into two parts when they are closed. The entire area of ​​the apartment is divided unevenly, for example, into an office (with closed panels) and a living room.

Another option is to install the structure between the main residential block and a balcony or loggia (terrace in the house). Typically, glass doors are used in this case.

Another application of such devices is to separate storerooms or utility rooms from the main premises. To do this, you need to use sliding doors.

The most difficult to manufacture are structures that move apart along a radius. Their installation largely depends on the degree of bending of the door leaf and the guide. They are used in rooms with a rounded configuration and in showers.

Due to their inherent disadvantages, sliding doors cannot be used between the living room, bathroom, kitchen and toilet.

An easy way to make sliding doors yourself

If the type of structure that the owner wishes to install in the apartment has been determined, then it is necessary to purchase necessary materials and tools on the construction market. Accessories can be purchased in specialized stores. The easiest way to start is by installing a single-leaf version of such a sliding door - this is the simplest and most commonly used design. At the same time, a person will acquire skills that will help him in the future independently cope with multi-leaf systems.

The technological process of work is as follows:

1. First you need to make markings for the guide rail. This can be done in two ways. According to the first, measure the distance from the door to the floor with a tape measure. To the resulting number you need to add 1.5-2 cm to take into account the gap between them. You also need to add the height of the roller carriage and rails. After this, the obtained data is transferred to the wall with a pencil (felt-tip pen) and a line is drawn between the marks. The second method is similar to the first. The only difference is that the sash is placed against the doorway and marks are made along the upper edge. The height of the carriage mechanism and the rail are then added to these.
2. Before installing the guide, you must ensure that the markings are accurate. horizontal plane. This is done using a level. If you skip this operation, then after complete installation sash structures can spontaneously move in any direction.
3. Along the line drawn on the wall, install the rail so that it is under it. You can fix the guide different ways: directly to the wall with dowels or on metal brackets or nailed to a wooden beam. The rail must be installed with some clearance from the wall so that the opening sash cannot catch on the opening or platbands. The main thing is that the rails are correctly selected and the method of their installation does not lead to distortion. If they are mounted for compartments or similar structures that are made from floor to ceiling, then the guides must be fixed on both planes.
4. To prevent the sash from falling during the first attempt to open it, the rail must be made twice as long as the opening. To this figure we must also add 40-50 mm for the spare wheel. This results in overlap big place near the opening, but saves space in the room itself.
5. Having finished installing the rails, they move on to the carriage with rollers. A fastening bolt is inserted inside it, and the entire mechanism is inserted into the guide. For this simple design with one sash, you need to use two rollers. When installing a cascade type or accordion, their number will increase significantly.
6. On top part The shutters must be secured with brackets from the carriage. They are installed at a distance of 4 mm from the edges. When fastening glass structure another method is used. Its fasteners are made in the form of a metal gripper, the jaws of which clamp the material and are tightened with bolts. Due to the significant mass of this design, it is necessary to use two rails, top and bottom.
7. Then the sash is put in place. They lift it and screw the screws into the brackets that were secured in advance. This work must be done together with an assistant who will support the canvas. Then they check the level of the suspension with a level, and if necessary, level it by tightening the screws.
8. The mechanism is covered with a plank, and the opening and slopes are decorated with the help of platbands.
9. Install the purchased fittings.

Installing a structure with a niche in the wall presents a certain difficulty. In order for the canvas to fit into it, you need to make an artificial partition from sheets of plasterboard. If you decide to install the rail on the floor, you need to make a groove in it. To do this you need to use a hammer drill.

Tools, devices and materials for work

1. Door leaf made of MDF, chipboard, glass, wood, plastic.
2. Special fittings.
3. Staples.
4. Guide rails.
5. Fastening for the canvas.
6. Carriage with rollers.
7. Platbands, extensions, planks.
8. Wooden beam.
9. Metal brackets.
10. Hammer.
11. Building level.
12. Screwdriver and pliers.
13. Tape measure and pencil (felt-tip pen).

Self-assembly and installation of a sliding door is not very difficult. The most important thing when performing this work is to strictly follow the above technological chain and follow all recommendations. You need to correctly assess your strengths and financial capabilities and select high-quality material for the structure. If necessary, consult a specialist who performs such work.

IN modern houses In apartments and apartments, sliding doors have recently been increasingly installed instead of not very convenient hinged structures. They allow rational use of room space, enliven the interior, and are also the most suitable option for people with disabilities. In addition, they can be installed not only in the doorway, but also in any niche. You can do this yourself, thus saving a significant amount, the main thing is that you have time, materials and tools for such a useful and exciting process.

Required components

A sliding door, like any other structure, consists of special elements. In order to install it, you need to purchase components. The choice of necessary parts depends on the type of sliding system and the type of door leaf. The door leaf can be solid and consist of one material, or it can consist of several materials. Regardless of the materials used, any prefabricated leaf (sash) consists of profiles of different sizes and purposes. The frame has an upper, lower, two side and intermediate (the number depends on components) profiles.

The upper horizontal profile consists of two grooves. The lower part of the groove holds the material, and the upper part with a round groove is intended for screwing in a self-tapping screw holding the vertical door profile. The lower horizontal profile, like the upper one, consists of two grooves, but its lower part has longer side walls, designed to hide the rollers.

The horizontal intermediate profile consists of two identical grooves. It is used as a link between materials. Vertical profiles not only perform a supporting function and have a special groove to support the material, but also necessary to move the sash. This element is made in the form of a handle and has various modifications.

To move the sash you need a set of guides and rollers. To maintain the direction of movement of the sash, a pair of asymmetrical rollers are used, installed in the upper part of the sash and located at different ends of the frame. A pair of rollers are installed in the lower part in a similar way. They are the main driving force; they bear the weight of all materials used.

Without guides, movement of the shutters is impossible. As a rule, there are two of them in a set: upper and lower. They differ in shape and purpose. The structure of the upper profile depends on the type of system. If an upper support sliding system is used, then a closed profile consisting of one groove is used. But most often it is used to install a compartment door lower support system and therefore the profile shape has a slightly different appearance.

It consists of two grooves of the same shape and depth. Thanks to him, the door moves in a given direction. The lower guide is designed for the movement of rollers and is a profile consisting of 3 grooves. Each pair of rollers has its own groove (narrow). The middle wide groove performs a dividing function.

To prevent the door from moving out of bounds, stoppers are used. Their shape depends on the type of sliding system. These elements are installed in the guides.

Materials

Exist different kinds materials used in the manufacture of sliding doors. For panel types of doors consisting of a whole sheet, one material is used. For composite (paneled) ones, as a rule, several types of materials are used, which are placed in a frame of a certain shape. The cheapest and most affordable material is chipboard. It can be used to make either a whole canvas or a frame for other materials.

Doors with chipboard parts are not very suitable for installation in a children's room, since the composition contains resins that, due to their volatility, can cause harm to health. Don’t forget that chipboard is essentially pressed sawdust, so the edge of this material needs closure. Most often, chipboard is covered with PVC film or veneer.

A safer material is MDF, since no resins are used in its production, wood particles are combined using paraffin or lignin. Canvases with figured contours can be made from it. Thanks to this property, it can be used both as a whole canvas and as a component element of a figured frame.

Door leaves are often made from solid wood. This material is expensive and requires special skill to work with. It is used as a whole canvas, and can also be used as a frame or individual panels with curly edges.

A good alternative to solid wood can be a material such as plywood. It is obtained by gluing veneer sheets, and for strength during gluing they are laid in a special way, the fibers of one sheet lie perpendicular to the fibers of the other sheet. The surface of plywood door panels is most often laminated, giving desired color and the structure of natural wood.

Unlike wood, plywood is easier to use and costs much less than solid wood. Recently, a material such as polycarbonate has been used as a door leaf. Lightweight and durable polycarbonate sheets can be used as an insert in combination with other materials and as a separate sheet. This material, in order to avoid the disappearance of transparency, It is recommended to cover it on all sides with profiles. It is a good alternative to glass.

Very often, mirror and glass are used as door panels. Mirror surface doors helps to visually expand the space of the room.

It perfectly reflects both natural and artificial light, thanks to which the darkest corners of the room are always illuminated. Mirror and glass are usually secured on all sides with profiles. Both materials combine well with each other.

How to calculate the sizes yourself?

In order to make sliding doors with your own hands, you will need to take measurements. The width and height of the doors depends on the size of the opening in which they will be installed. The optimal door width is in the range of 60-90 cm. Doors with different widths can be made; there is a slight spread, ranging from 50-110 cm.

When making a door leaf, it is better to adhere to the specified limit, and there are reasons for this. A width of less than 50 cm will have a bad effect on the movement of the door leaf, distortion and even falling out of the grooves is possible. An interior door with a width of 110 cm or more is very difficult to move, so this width is not used.

To calculate the required sash width, if you plan to install two sashes, you need to measure the opening and add the profile width to the resulting value, and then divide this number by the number of sashes, that is, 2. In a specific example, it looks like this. The width of the opening is 1800 mm, and the width of the profile that will be used as a handle is 24 mm. We calculate: 1800+24/2=912 mm.

The width of the profile and opening is chosen arbitrarily; when making calculations, you should rely on your measurements and the width of the profile you have chosen. If you plan to install three sashes in the opening, then the calculation of the width is done slightly differently. To the width of the opening you need to add the profile width multiplied by 2 and divide the resulting value by 3. As concrete example we take the same width of the opening and profile: 1800+24*2/3=616 mm.

The height of the sash can be calculated as follows. We measure the height of the opening and subtract 40-45 mm from the resulting value. The length of the side profiles is equal to the height of the sashes. The length of the horizontal profiles depends on the purchased handles located on each side of the sash, or rather on their width. To calculate the length of the profiles, you need to subtract twice the width of the handle from the width of the sash; the resulting value is the length of the horizontal profile.

Now you can start calculating the filling width. To make the calculations more clear, you can use the obtained values. The correct filling width is calculated as follows: 912 (616) -24*2=864 (568) mm. From the width of the sash, subtract twice the width of the profile (handles are installed on both sides of the sash).

We calculate the height of the sash in a similar way, namely, from the height value we subtract the width of the upper and then the lower profile and as a result we obtain the required number. This height calculation is suitable if the canvas is solid and does not require seals. If seals are used, then twice the width of the seal is subtracted from the resulting value, since it is located both at the top and bottom of the canvas.

As a rule, silicone rubber is used as a seal; its thickness is 1 mm, and the double value is 2 mm. This calculation can be visually represented as follows: height 2500-10-38-2=2450 mm. Where 10 is the width of the upper profile, and 38 is the width of the lower profile.

If the door is made from component parts, the thickness of the intermediate profile must be taken into account. How many profiles - so many quantities will have to be taken into account.

How to make it yourself at home?

Making sliding doors with your own hands is a rather labor-intensive process, but nothing is impossible, the main thing is to take into account some details.

Rectangular sliding doors

First of all, you need to decide on the filling of the door. Easiest to work with chipboard panels and plywood, but you can also choose solid wood, MDF board (preferably with an untreated surface). It’s easier to buy a ready-made canvas of the required size, but you can make it yourself. To do this, you need to prepare the tools that will be required in the future when installing the assembled structure and some additional materials.

You will need: drill, saw for processing ends, sanding machine or sandpaper, special film for covering the surface and varnish (for wood).

First, the prepared material is cut to the required size and the ends are polished. A coating in the form of film or veneer is applied to the MDF board. Then holes for the handles are cut out in it, and mounting points for the roller mechanism are also prepared. The surface is cleaned of dust contamination. The wooden canvas is treated with an impregnation that prevents rotting processes, and then covered with a layer of varnish.

To make the door leaf lighter, you can cut holes in the workpiece in the shape of a rectangle or square. Insert suitable sized pieces of glass, mirror or lighter plywood into them. First, a figure is drawn on the canvas, and then the middle is cut out using a jigsaw. This must be done carefully, starting from the corner of the marked figure.

The ends of the resulting hole are processed special tape, which is fixed to the material using an iron. The selected inserts are held in place using a bead. You can assemble a door leaf from profiles and different materials. It is necessary to purchase ready-made profiles and materials for insertion, which are assembled in a certain order.

All profiles are cut according to pre-calculated dimensions strictly at an angle of 90C.

Through holes must be made in the vertical handle profiles. In the upper part, to secure the upper roller, 2 holes are drilled, at a distance of 7 mm from the edge, the diameter of one is larger than the diameter of the other.

This is done so that the self-tapping screw easily passes through the larger hole and is fixed in the lower part. Then 4 holes are drilled. The first pair of holes is made after an indentation of 7 mm, and the second after an indentation from the edge of 42 mm. Now you can start assembling all the fillings. Fits on glass and mirror inserts around the perimeter silicone seal without overlap. For safety reasons, you need to stick a film on the back side of the mirrors. The prepared components are inserted into the profiles.

To ensure a firm fit of the material when connecting the inserts to the profiles, use a rubber mallet. We attach vertical handle profiles to the assembled canvas and tighten the structure with fasteners. First, we tighten it in the upper part, to do this we take the roller and fix it with a screw in the vertical profile.

In the lower part, we first fix the profile through the far hole, tightening it until it stops, and then attach the lower rollers to the profile. To do this, insert the plate with the roller inside the lower profile and move it towards the vertical post.

There is a hole in the roller plate; it must be aligned with the hole in the vertical profile and tightened using a hexagon, while pressing the roller. The door leaf is ready for installation.

Radius sliding doors

Making radius sliding doors is much more difficult than conventional rectangular doors. Unlike regular doors they have smoothed corners. The canvas can be of various shapes and curvature. An aluminum profile is used to move across the surface. Door leaves can be made of tempered glass, plastic and other materials. It will not be possible to make such a canvas at home, so it is better to order ready-made doors and all the components for them.

Step-by-step instruction

You can install sliding doors anywhere. Most often they are used to equip a dressing room. It must be remembered that the installation of the structure must be carried out after repair. After assembling the door leaves, you can install the guides. You need to start from the top guide. It is usually mounted on a foundation beam or directly on the ceiling. The guide should be located at a distance of at least 10 cm from the shelves.

To install the bottom guide, you need a laser level or plumb bob, but you can do without them. We lay the lower profile on the surface without fastening and insert the door leaf first into the upper guide, and then into the lower profile, having previously installed stoppers in it. Having fixed the blade in a strictly vertical position, you can screw the lower profile. Now you can insert the second blade. We glue a strip on the sides of both doors to soften the blows. The doors are ready for use.

Few people want to have an apartment or house without interior doors. But almost everyone has thought about which doors between rooms are best to install. So that it’s both beautiful and functional, and doesn’t take up space.

This is exactly what sliding interior doors are - a slider (diverging, sliding, sliding to the side (into a wall, opening, pencil case) in one plane, i.e. doors that ride on rollers, slides on rails).

Sliding interior doors - pros and cons

From a constructive point of view, there are two types of interior doors:

IN in this case the door leaf is hung on awnings. Swing doors traditional and well proven. They give the room a rich look, but take up a lot of space, which leads to inconvenience in implementing interior solutions.

2. Sliding interior doors.

A modern solution that allows for more efficient use of room space.

Sliding doors are divided into two subtypes:

Built into the wall(in a pencil case) and working on the compartment principle.

Sliding doors hidden in the wall (sliding into the wall, recessed into the wall) have a mechanism that allows the door to be moved parallel to the wall.

The operating principle of sliding doors built into the wall is as follows: rollers are installed on the door leaf, and guides are installed on the doorway (the door will go into the wall) or above the doorway (the door will go behind the wall).

The rollers move along the guides, freeing the doorway for passage.

They consist of small lamellas (wood or plastic), which, when moved, can significantly save space.

The principle of the device is interesting, but cheap options are not practical. Instructions for assembling and installing accordion doors are supplied by the manufacturer.

Material prepared for the website www.site

Advantages of sliding doors:

• unusual, non-standard solution;

• absence of blind areas and problems with furniture placement;

• safety. The owner of sliding doors is not in danger of hitting the corner of the door in an unlit room (however, you need to be careful, children can stick their fingers between the wall and the door);

• such a door will not open with a draft.

Disadvantages of sliding doors:

• high installation cost. But by doing the work yourself, the costs are kept to a minimum and are no higher than when installing swing doors;

• poor insulation. The absence of obstacles to the penetration of noise, light, and odors can be eliminated by installing a felt gasket on the end of the door;

• difficulty in caring for the pencil case, i.e. the place where the sliding door goes when hidden design. This problem can be solved in two ways. Using a vacuum cleaner with the attachment removed, remove debris from the pencil case. The second option, more radical, involves removing drywall from one side of the wall. It should be noted that in a residential building, the vacuum cleaner copes with the task perfectly;

• difficulty of repair. When installing a sliding door yourself, you can buy several rollers in reserve to replace them if necessary.

Mechanism for sliding doors – sliding systems

As you can see, the main difference between sliding doors and swing doors is their functioning mechanism, which determines the door movement options.

Thus, sliding mechanism for interior doors it can be:

1. In-wall (hidden mechanism). As the name suggests, this mechanism allows the door to move inside the wall. The system of such doors should be implemented at the stage of wall construction, because free space– pencil case for a sliding door. Consequently, the wall becomes thicker by the width of the pencil case. This somewhat reduces the usable area, but it frees up the walls, near which you can install furniture, hang pictures or place flowers.

2. External (open mechanism). This sliding door system can be installed at any time, because... does not require rebuilding the wall. In this case, the door moves along guides along the wall. Therefore, you need to leave free space on one or both sides of the wall (depending on the number of sashes and the direction of their movement).

It is worth noting that there are quite a lot of door movement options with an external mechanism (see diagram). This allows you to choose the best method for a specific room. Sliding doors consisting of four leaves deserve special attention. Here the internal doors open towards the external ones. This is especially important when you need to close a wide doorway or niche.

Guides for sliding doors

The last thing you should consider before you start installing sliding doors is the guide rails (profiles) along which the door moves during operation. They can be placed on top or bottom, or on both sides.

• top guides. The most popular way. They should be used when the door leaf is light in weight. The guides located at the top last longer and are less susceptible to breakage;

• bottom guides. Rarely used on their own as they are easily deformed by simply being stepped on. In addition, the runners will need constant cleaning. And a door without an upper support will not slide smoothly;

• combined. Used when doors are heavy or for smoother opening.

In this article we will look at how to install sliding interior doors with an external sliding mechanism.

1. Material

Knowing everything related to the types and mechanisms of door functioning, you can begin purchasing materials and preparing tools.

We will need:

1. the door itself (leaf, frame, trim);
2. accessories (guide profiles (runners), rollers, handles, locks);
3. timber 50x30 for fastening the guide.
4. hardware for fastening;
5. level;
6. roulette;
7. hacksaw with fine teeth;
8. drill;
9. chisel.

Advice. When the door weighs more than 27 kg. you need to use 4 rollers; for lighter ones, two are enough.

To prevent handles and locks from deforming the wall and damaging the wallpaper when sliding, it is worth installing hidden options, i.e. the ones that crash into the door.

2. Preparation

At this stage, it becomes clear where exactly the door will be installed and in which direction it will open. If two sliding doors are installed side by side, then you need to consider the convenience of opening them.

Advice. Sliding doors can be hung on common long upper runners or hidden in one pencil case. In this case, the width of the pencil case should be sufficient.

If necessary, the old door is dismantled, the doorway is brought into the desired condition and a door frame is installed, taking into account the gap between the door and the finished floor.

Advice. For residential premises the gap should be 10 mm. If the finished floor has not yet been poured (laid), then you need to take into account the height of the screed, leveling and thickness flooring.

3. Interior doorway

• We determine the dimensions of the doorway - the height and width of the door are measured.

Advice. It is better to take measurements at several points (top, middle, bottom). The door height can be changed in the closed and open state. This is necessary to take into account possible unevenness on the floor.

• The beam is installed. To do this over top edge the boxes draw a straight line. The distance from the box to the line is equal to the width of the guide. The timber is attached exactly to the line. In this case, the middle of the beam should be located above the right side of the interior door frame if the door opens to the right.

Advice. The width of the beam must be sufficient so that after installing the platbands, the door can close freely.

• Upper guide profiles for sliding doors are installed. The runners are installed on the timber and secured with hardware.

Advice. To check the correct installation of the runners, you need to run a roller over them. When sliding smoothly, you can begin further work. If problems arise, it is better to remove them immediately.

• The lower runners (rails) are installed. To do this, you can choose one of several options:

• a part of the subfloor (or parquet, laminate, tile) is selected and the lower guide is inserted there. The lower rollers will move along it;

• the guide is installed directly on the floor (parquet, laminate), and in order not to destroy it, a threshold is installed;

• installation of the guide knife. But, since the system of lower guides is rarely used, if necessary, a so-called packet knife is often installed. Its purpose is to hold the door and prevent it from deviating from the given direction of movement.

The threshold-free sliding door system allows the door to operate without destroying the floor covering (there is no need to lay rails). The mechanism works thanks to carriages with rollers on ball bearings, which move along guides with shock absorbers and a bottom liner. The upper guide is hidden behind a decorative trim, in the same color as the door.

4. Assembling sliding doors

We hang rollers (roller mechanism) on the upper end of the door.

At the bottom end, at a distance of 15 mm. Holes are drilled from both edges. A groove is selected between them along the entire length. Its width is 2 mm. exceeds the width of the knife. The depth is equal to the height of the knife and is usually 10-18 mm. The part of the end without a groove will act as a natural limiter for the door travel.

5. Installation of fittings for sliding doors

Installation includes installing handles and inserting a lock. This must be done carefully so as not to damage the appearance of the door. This procedure is often entrusted to specialists.

6. Installation of a sliding interior door

The door is installed in the guides. After the door has been moved, limiters (rubber shock absorbers) are inserted into the runners; they will not allow the door to “fall out” of the guides when opening and will soften the stop.

7. Decorative design of sliding doors

To make the doorway look beautiful, you need to close all the structural elements. Platbands are used for this. They are installed on door frame and top runners.

But this is not a prerequisite, because often structural elements are an integral part of the solution. For example, when using high-tech or modern style.

The installed door in section will have the appearance shown in the diagram (drawing).

Instructions for installing sliding interior doors video

8. Care and operation of sliding doors

To ensure that doors do not create problems during operation, you need to properly care for them. To do this you need:

• avoid getting water on the door to prevent it from leaking (if the door is made of wood);

• keep the guides clean. Debris that gets inside the guides will cause the door to be difficult to close;

• close the door smoothly. Do not close the door with force, this will accelerate the wear of the rollers. IN worst case the stopper may fall out and the door will “fly” out of the guides;

• Check the condition of the fittings from time to time. It is easier to replace the rollers in time than to deform the guide profiles over time;

• use special means for door and glass care.

Conclusion

Correct installation of sliding doors between rooms and timely replacement of components is the key to the long-term functioning of any door.

Strength of character lies not in the ability to break through walls, but in the ability to find doors. And even better, not only be able to find them, but also be able to create these doors. In this article we will talk about how to realize your power in everyday life and how to make a door with your own hands.

How to prepare

It would seem that the modern market is so wide that you can find a door of any shape, size and quality. But this is not always the case. Especially when it comes to something exclusive, a special type of wood, spectacular stained glass, or an extraordinary shape. Buying a standard factory design is boring and mediocre. And making a door with your own hands is not a difficult task at all, especially if you have a suitable canvas, a pair of skillful hands and a little time.

However, in order to make a beautiful and high-quality door yourself, you need to first study the subtleties and nuances of the material, evaluate the complexity of the technology and calculations, and identify the pitfalls when installing it.

First you need to prepare all the materials and tools that you will need for the job. After all, the final result is influenced not only by the quality of the raw materials themselves, but also by the quality and reliability of the auxiliary tools and materials that were used during the assembly and installation of the door. And for this you will need:

• milling machine with manual mechanism. It is used to process a wooden product, give it a shape, and grind the groove elements;
• a circular saw with manual mechanism;
• Bulgarian. In this case it will be used to sand wood;
• screwdriver for door installation;
• building level and tape measure;
• hammer;
• pencil or marker.

Regardless of what type of product needs to be made, be it interior doors, entrance doors, or doors for a country shed, the same technology is used for all. Therefore, after studying this article, you can easily make homemade doors for any needs. In addition to the tools, you will also need the material itself. As a rule, an array of different types of wood is chosen: oak, ash, birch, larch, pine.

Some prefer exotic species: mahogany, wenge, beech. The choice depends on personal preferences, the type of room and the overall concept of the interior.

When making a structure with your own hands, you need to take into account the fact that wooden canvas will require pre-treatment, especially for hard wood. When choosing a wooden panel, you need to focus on ensuring that the wood is even and smooth. There should be no cracks or holes from knots. The selected board is first dried in a well-ventilated area at a temperature of about 25 ° C.

You can dry it outside, but only in dry weather, preferably in the summer. middle zone Russia. Depending on the type of wood and its initial condition, drying the canvas can take up to ten days.

Popular models

Before you start making doors, you need to think about what type they will be (hinged or sliding), decide on the shape and design. The most important characteristics of all doors are functionality and appearance, because they will become integral element interior

Let us characterize the main models:

• Very popular today sliding doors. A door of the “compartment” type can be either single-leaf or with two leaves. Sliding doors on casters - an alternative to the usual options with hinged doors, especially if the issue of saving space is pressing. There are two types of sliding doors: with bottom tracks and with top tracks. Thus, using a mechanical system with lower guides, the door “walks” on built-in rollers, reducing the load on the walls.

This sliding door fastening system is beneficial for thin partitions in apartments.

• Among compartment doors designs with hinged mechanism. Hinged sliding doors are usually made of glass, due to its lighter weight compared to solid wooden counterparts. Besides that this type The door also takes up little space in the apartment, and the advantage is that its glass surface perfectly transmits light into the room. This option very appropriate if you plan major renovation“Khrushchev” in order to free the already small area of ​​​​the apartment from unnecessary structures.

• Book door, like a sliding door, helps to preserve useful space in the apartment. Its folding design consists of two separate panels, interconnected so that when opened, one part fits onto another of the same kind, without cluttering the interior. They are often placed in dressing rooms and in bedroom bathrooms.

• Accordion door- another option for small apartments. Compared to swing doors, such doors can save up to two meters of space. This type of product can be used in any interior. The design of accordion doors is varied. There are even interesting options with intricate stained glass windows.

• Everyone knows paneled doors remain popular to this day due to their aesthetic characteristics. The design of a paneled door differs from a regular one in that additional thinner panels are inserted inside the door frame. Thus, even the most boring door can be made very original using inserts with textured patterns or carvings. The area of ​​use of these doors is not only office rooms, but also residential buildings and apartments.

Manufacturing

A standard hinged door consists of several parts:

• door frame;
• door leaves;
• fasteners;
• castle;
• frames in the form of platbands.

If the fabric of the product is not a monolithic solid board, but has several components, it is necessary to clarify what they will be made of and what their functional purpose is. The frame of the structure is the frame. It determines the main dimensions of the product, gives it rigidity and shape. The outer visible part of the canvas is represented by the covering. In this capacity they can serve not only wooden panels, but also plastic profiles or stained glass windows.

If the task is to make an entrance door, then you need to take care of the insulation, which is placed inside, under the casing.

This article will provide information on how to independently make a door of the simplest design with a hinged fastening mechanism, without insulation and complex cladding options such as glass decorative elements and carved panels.

Measurements

Seven times measure cut once. This proverb will be more appropriate than ever when self-production doors. Indeed, the final result will depend on how correctly the measurements are taken. And there is no need to figure out which parts need to be measured. All the main parameters have long been known; you just need to write them down on a piece of paper and measure them using a regular construction tape.

IN mandatory need to measure:

• door width (distance from the left to the right edge of the door);
• door height (distance from the floor to the top point);
• width of the doorway;
• thickness of the doorway;
• opening slope (if there are distortions);
• evenness (identify elements whose size differs from the main one).

When determining the width of the product, it is recommended to measure the distance between the side parts of the opening near the floor, in the center of the opening and at the upper border of the opening and find the average value. If necessary, if these values ​​differ, the opening can be trimmed.

For interior door the width is usually 80-90 cm, for the entrance - 90-120 cm. The height of the door is determined by the height of the opening and is approximately 200-210 cm. Measurements are taken with the same tape from the floor to the top point of the doorway.

One should take into account the fact that if the apartment does not yet have flooring, the measured height will not be entirely accurate, so First, it is recommended to finish the floor work so that all parameters of the future door are taken into account correctly. When determining the height of the door, measurements are also taken at three points (far left, center and far right).

The thickness of the doorway is measured similar to the width of the door. You just need to take into account that the width of the frame will be slightly larger, since it is necessary to leave a distance between the door and the frame for the door to move freely. And yet, when forming the box, you should remember that its width should be several centimeters less than the measured width of the opening, since during installation it is necessary to leave technological voids.

The thickness of the doorway is measured at six points (thickness at the bottom, middle, top for the left edge and the same positions for the right edge). This parameter will depend on the thickness of the wall into which the door will be mounted. For the entrance it is usually larger than for the interior, but there are exceptions. Here you should also pay attention to the presence non-standard sizes opening thickness. In this case, it is necessary to provide extras that will compensate for this moment.

In order to simplify the installation of the structure, it is necessary to first determine the evenness of the opening. By using building level check the vertical of the opening (at three points) and the diagonal. Using a tape measure, measure the distance inside the opening diagonally, from the top corner to the bottom, for each side. Both values ​​should be approximately equal. In case of strong deviations, not only the appearance of the structure will deteriorate, but also the reliability of the fastening system will be called into question.

After the basic parameters have been measured, they move on to correcting unevenness and distortions. To do this, these places are plastered or the excess is cut off using a grinder. Ideal option may be leveling the opening using plasterboard sheets.

Elimination of deficiencies identified during the measurement of product dimensions will certainly have an impact positive influence for further work and will eliminate many unpleasant moments during installation.

Materials

Modern market oversaturated various options doors made of various materials. However, wood remains traditional. Thanks to your high performance quality, as well as the property of being perfectly combined with wooden furniture and parquet board, wooden doors have become more in demand, especially in the interiors of apartments and country houses.

In addition to its aesthetic characteristics, wooden crafts have a number of other advantages: strength of the material, ease of processing of the material, ability to retain heat, good sound insulation, as well as environmental friendliness.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that if the choice fell on a wooden door, then all other parts should also be made of wood (frame, trim, extensions).

The disadvantages of wood include easy flammability, the ability to absorb moisture and expand, and, of course, high cost.

The most popular, but not the easiest to manufacture, are paneled doors. It is better to use ready-made cutters as internal inserts, since cutting them yourself is labor-intensive work. On the construction market you can purchase a set of routers for a future door. To save on material, The door leaf can be made from boards, instead of a wide monolithic leaf.

If you need to make a door to a country shed or a bathhouse, you can use even cheaper materials. A good alternative to solid wood would be a plywood door. It's pretty durable material During its manufacture, sheets of peeled veneer are glued together so that the fibers of one sheet are located perpendicular to the fibers of the other. The outer layers of plywood are covered with veneer made from aspen, pine or larch (these types of veneer have good strength and aesthetic appearance).

Products made from lining - also inexpensive option. The advantage of this material is that in order to make a door, it is not necessary to use factory lining; you can make separate profiles from scrap materials.

In addition to natural materials, synthetic polycarbonates are widely used. It is advantageous to choose this material for making a door when it is expected that the structure will be affected by adverse weather conditions (humidity, temperature). But if previously polycarbonate was used to make greenhouses, now it is easily used for entrance doors, the main thing is to provide a reliable base and insulation.

If desired, you can build a structure from other polymers. They often make an aluminum frame with plexiglass inserts. It looks quite stylish, but these materials are quite expensive.

How to make a door frame?

Before you start assembling the door frame, you need to study its structure. So, the door frame consists of four main parts: two pillars (its longest parts), a threshold and a top crossbar (short parts). First, measure the length of the racks. In the case of using a threshold, it is equal to the length of the door plus 2-3 centimeters for the gap on each side. If there is no threshold, then instead of a gap at the bottom, add 15-20 centimeters. This will ensure the door moves freely from the floor.

The measured values ​​are drawn on the canvas and each stand is cut out with a special knife.

The crossbar and threshold are identical components. Their length consists of the width of the door, the same two gaps and the thickness of the frame. The measured dimensions are transferred to a wooden canvas and one or two elements are cut out, depending on the need for the threshold. Grooves are cut out in the top lintel of the box, marking the lines where the racks intersect with top bar, and carefully cut out these areas with a jigsaw on each side.

Once all the grooves have been cut, the posts and crossbar are aligned on the floor to ensure they fit together. After this, the cut parts are thoroughly sanded with sandpaper, eliminating all unevenness and roughness. When all the elements of the box are ready, you can start assembling.

In order to assemble the structure, you will need a drill or screwdriver. A 2-3 millimeter drill is inserted into the screwdriver and holes are drilled in the aligned corners of the future box. These holes will keep the material intact when screwing screws into them. Use a Phillips drill to drive screws into each hole. The door frame is almost ready.

To make sure that the frame is made correctly, you need to place it on the floor and put the selected door leaf inside, assessing the presence of gaps between them. It is worth noting that if the task is to make your own sliding structure, then its distinctive mechanism must be taken into account. When opened, such a door will move to the side, like a pencil case (to drive into the wall or lie on it), therefore, when forming the box, you should provide a groove for the door in one of the racks.

How to make the door itself: step-by-step instructions

Now let's look at how to make the door itself. For outbuildings, the door will be a simple shield made of separate boards fastened together with wooden straps. Interior wooden doors should have a more aesthetic appearance; simple frames are not applicable here.

The work should be carried out on a carpentry stand or on a table that will allow the product to be completely placed on it.

To form the door leaf, tongue and groove boards with grooves are used (you can also cut the grooves yourself). The thickness of the boards should be from 2.5 to 4 centimeters, depending on whether it will be interior or Entrance door. The prepared boards are placed in a shield. If tongue and groove boards are taken, then the grooves on the outer boards are removed using a circular saw.

The boards are glued together with wood glue, and the pattern of the annual rings must be observed (they must lie in the same direction so that the finished product does not show an imbalance). The door blank is placed in a vice to align the elements more tightly, and the glue is allowed to dry. After that, the entire surface of the canvas is passed through a milling machine, paying special attention to joints and uneven fragments.

If the thickness of the boards is not sufficient to use the door as an entrance, then you can glue the boards in two layers. Such a door will be quite massive and heavy.

Next we move on to designing the finished shield. Using a stencil, transfer the design onto a wooden canvas, first with a pencil. Using a router with a manual mechanism, the design is carefully cut out, changing cutters. The finished drawing and the canvas itself should be treated with sandpaper, then blotted with a special antiseptic solution. If the door is an entrance door, then it must be treated with moisture-resistant agents and flame retardants. This way it will last much longer.

How to insert?

The places where the hinges will be located are marked on the door frame. Marks are also made on the door leaf in appropriate places. To do this, place it in a vertical position, with the top facing the side where the hinges are attached. On the reverse side, mark the location of the lock. First, the door is placed in the frame, the markings are checked, the location of the lock tongue on the frame is marked, then the hinges are inserted, then they are applied to the door and to the frame, and drilled with a drill. The tongue is carefully cut out with a jigsaw.

To install correctly door lock, it is first applied to the installation site on the product, circled, and all necessary technological holes are marked with dots. After the installation depth of the lock has been determined, it is placed in the marked place and screwed. Now that all the parts are ready, you need to install them correctly.

First we insert the door frame into the opening. We level it and secure it with wedges. You can adjust a box already mounted in the wall by hitting the wedges with a hammer. Then dowels and screws are inserted into the holes drilled in the wall and frame. And lastly, the most important thing is the assembly of the door and frame.

It is better to perform this operation together, in order to avoid injuries, since the door leaf is a heavy structure. Holding the door suspended, we secure the hinges with self-tapping screws.

After the assembly of the main parts is completed, you can move on to the platbands. It’s easier to buy ready-made ones in a store or make them yourself using wooden blanks 1-1.5 cm thick and a simple jigsaw. Each edge of the casing is cut at an angle of 45 degrees and adjusted to length. Finished products are secured at the level of the box using wood glue or small nails.

In general, the work of installing a door, with a competent approach and high-quality materials, will take no more than two days. And the recommendations described above can be used to make doors from other materials, changing only some tools.

Finishing

Give finished product The finished look will be helped by finishing. You can also do it yourself; it’s more enjoyable and less hard work than installation and assembly of the door itself. Door finishing can be done as follows:

• painting the door;
• varnish coating;
• wallpapering or decorative film;
• decoupage;
• insertion of mirrors and colored glass;
• fabric lining;
• application of techniques for aging wood.