Let's get acquainted with varieties of rose hips with large fruits. White terry rosehip

When propagating rose hips, planting is possible for everyone possible options: by seed method, cuttings, by dividing the bush, rooting stem layering and root shoots. Mostly garden varieties Rose hips are cultivated in the Northern Hemisphere, and in the tropical zone these plants are found only occasionally.

Photo and description of decorative rose hips

Ornamental rosehip is a large shrub with arched hanging branches covered with strong crescent-shaped and very sharp thorns. Young shoots have a greenish-red tint with small bristles and thorns.

There are species with very long shoots that creep along the ground or cling to the trunks and branches of neighboring plants, rising to a considerable height. Some grow in the form of dense, low bushes - cushions, very decorative during flowering. The leaves are imparipinnate, with elliptical or ovate, sharply serrated leaflets, with two leaf-like stipules, partially adherent to the base of the petiole.

As you can see in the photo, the flowers of the decorative rose hips are large, fragrant, bisexual, solitary or collected in inflorescences:

Flower sizes range from 1 to 12 cm in diameter. There are 5 sepals. The corolla is free-petalled, formed, as a rule, by five obverse-heart-shaped petals of pink, red, dark crimson, white or yellow color. There are many stamens, and there are also numerous pistils, located along the inner wall of the concave receptacle. Sometimes there are flowers that have more than five petals, with some of the stamens or pistils turning into additional petals. This is how semi-double or double flowers appear. In some cases, the number of petals can be very large - the wrinkled variety has up to 180. Double flowers, as a rule, are larger and more decorative than simple ones.

Most plants garden species They bloom for a short time - from May to July. Evergreens and subtropicals bloom almost continuously.

The fruits ripen in August - September, gradually acquiring a yellow, scarlet-red or black-brown color and remain on the branches until winter. The expanded receptacle is fleshy, juicy, and berry-shaped. It contains a large number of fruitlets - angular shaped nuts with a slightly pointed tip. The inner wall of the hypanthium is covered with long bristly hairs.

Easily cultivated plants, they are widely used in green construction, in particular, when creating soil conservation plantings. Drought-resistant and undemanding soil conditions. Most species are photophilous, grow well in moderately moist, loamy soils, and do not tolerate waterlogging.

Rose hips can be propagated by seeds, dividing the bush, suckers, layering, stem and root cuttings.

A huge variety of varieties and hybrids are widely used in gardening construction. Bush and standard - for flower beds and parterres, lining paths and in group planting in the foreground; climbing species and varieties - for vertical gardening. The variety of colors and structure of the flower, unequal flowering periods make it possible to create highly artistic, decorative compositions, besides, they bloom at a time when most have faded, and color palette the flowers are inimitable.

Decorative cultivars and forms are grouped into groups with common morphology and developmental characteristics.

Most fruit varieties are bred on the basis of cinnamon, wrinkled, dahur and glaucous. Based on the size of the fruits, they can be divided into two groups: varieties with large fruits with thick, fleshy pulp, and varieties with thin-walled, small fruits.

Garden rose hips wrinkled: photos and descriptions of varieties

Rosehip wrinkled- a shrub up to two meters high. The branches are thick, erect, and seated with numerous small straight or curved needle-like spines and bristles, and the spines are also pubescent. On old branches the bark is gray or dark gray, on young branches it is brownish or brownish-brown, in places covered with pressed grayish fluff. The buds are small, reddish, round-ovoid, slightly spaced from the shoot. The leaf scar is very narrow, almost linear. Characterized by wrinkled leaves, slightly flattened orange-red fruits and flowers of various shapes and colors.

Look at the photo of the wrinkled rosehip - its flowers are large, up to 6-8 cm in diameter, carmine-pink and very fragrant, collected in few-flowered inflorescences or, less often, located singly:

Blooms from June to late autumn.

When describing the wrinkled rosehip, it is especially worth noting the fruits of the plant: they are fleshy, spherical or somewhat flattened-spherical, up to 3 cm in diameter. Bright red or dark orange. Sepals are erect. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-summer.

The range is Primorye, southern Kamchatka, Sakhalin, the Kuril and Shantar Islands, and outside Russia - China, Korea and Japan. Grows on sandy and sandy-pebble sea coasts. Often forms thickets, so-called coastal rose gardens.

The most spectacular varieties of wrinkled rose hips are “Blanc Double de Coubert”, “Mont Blanc”, “Henry Hudson” with white flowers, “Pink Grootendorst” and “Therese Bugnet” with pink flowers, “Scarbosa” and “Hansa” with lilac-violet flowers. Height different varieties varies from 1 to 3 meters.

Varieties of the group “Grootendorst”, or “Grootendorst”, obtained by crossing rugosa rose with polyantha. They inherited from their parents the erect shape of the bush, good winter hardiness and abundant long-term flowering.

The varieties of this group are “F.J. Grootendorst" with crimson flowers, "Pink Grootendorst" with pink, "Grootendorst Supreme" with dark red, "White Grootendorst" and "Fimbriata" with pure white flowers are considered quite winter-hardy even for the middle zone, but in too severe winters they can freeze slightly .

Planting, care and pruning of wrinkled rose hips

Planting and caring for wrinkled rose hips is not difficult, since this species is completely undemanding to the composition and nutritional value of the soil, it tolerates even slight salinity and drought, although it develops better with regular watering on southern and western slopes protected from the wind and well-lit. The powerful spreading crown does not require support, and the disease-resistant foliage does not require preventive spraying.

It is better to plant rose hips in the spring before the buds open, and to create a high hedge, seedlings should be placed according to a pattern of 60 × 60 cm (80 × 80 cm), medium-high - 30 × 30 cm (50 × 50 cm) and at a distance of 1.5 - 2 m apart when planting in groups. Despite the fact that it produces an effect during flowering and in mono compositions, it looks good against a background with a spreading or vertical crown, and a combination with an early-flowering spirea can brighten up its “dull appearance” in the spring.

To prevent overgrowth, bushes need to be pruned regularly. Or, when planting and caring for rose hips, dig vertical sheets of slate around the bush, which will “hold” root shoots in a limited space.

If fertilizers are applied when preparing planting holes (at least a bucket of humus), then the plant is not fed for the next 3-4 years, and then, if necessary, every 3-4 years it is fertilized with compost or full mineral fertilizer, which is applied after spring pruning.

The first pruning of rose hips is carried out immediately after planting - all shoots are shortened by a third, and then from the age of 3, annual spring pruning bush removal is an exclusively sanitary procedure - the removal of dried shoots growing inside the bush and unproductive branches older than 4 years of age. For better branching, which in turn stimulates more abundant flowering and fruit formation, the remaining branches can be further shortened by a third. With such simple care, it can grow without replanting for at least 25 years, and with regular feeding and correct pruning- more than a hundred years.

A video of pruning rose hips in spring will help you correctly perform this agrotechnical technique:

Description of French and May rose hips

French rose hips- the founder of the famous medieval Europe pharmacy rose. Grows in southern Europe European Russia, Crimea. Low-growing, less than a meter high, low-branched bushes that grow due to underground horizontal rhizomes and often form continuous thickets. The stems and all the branches, including the peduncles themselves, are densely planted with straight, sharp spines and smaller spines and needles. The flowers are formed at the ends of the shoots, large, bright red. The sepals of the French rose hip are large, with large, inaccurately spread lateral feathers.

Rosehip May or cinnamon- the most common type in middle lane Russia, therefore the exact number of its varieties has not been calculated. Everyone is familiar with the description of the May rosehip, since these bushes grow everywhere in forest clearings, clearings, and are often found in gardens. When grown in the garden, it is extremely unpretentious to soil conditions, and species from temperate latitudes are distinguished by high winter hardiness and resistance to. But, despite this, you should not forget to protect the bush so that in the fall it will give you its wonderful fruits, which have unique medicinal properties.

Hybrid varieties of musk rose: “Buff Beauty”, “Felicia”, “Penelope”.

Decorative rose hips with dense semi-shiny foliage and burgundy young shoots, have red berries.

Planting and caring for garden rose hips (with photo)

They are planted both in the spring, before the beginning of the growing season, and in the fall, in previously prepared planting holes. Preference should be given spring period, autumn planting of rose hips is allowed only in moist soil. Before planting, dig up the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm.

For planting and caring for decorative rose hips, select a well-lit place, protected from cold winds. If the soil is poor, a month before autumn planting, the following is added per 1 m2 for digging: 6-8 kg of compost, 40-60 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g of potassium salt. Acidic soils are limed a year before planting. slaked lime. For spring planting, fertilizers are applied and incorporated into the soil in the fall - in October.

Since plants cross-pollinate, several bushes are planted at once. different varieties, but blooming at the same time.

Both annual and biennial seedlings can be used for planting. Depending on the future vigor of growth, the bushes are planted after 1.5-3 m. Dig planting holes of at least 50 cm in diameter and depth, add 10-15 kg of humus, 150-200 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium sulfate and 60-70 g of ammonium nitrate, first mixed well with fertile soil.

Before planting, the above-ground part of the seedling is cut short, leaving stumps 8-10 cm long, and the main roots are shortened by 3-5 cm. Then the plant is placed in a hole and, having straightened the roots, sprinkled fertile soil without fertilizers, gradually compacting and ensuring that root collar was at ground level. After planting, the plants are watered abundantly and the soil is mulched with peat, sawdust or dry soil.

Here you can see photos of planting and caring for garden rose hips at your summer cottage:

How to care for garden rose hips

In dry weather it needs watering, especially in the first year after planting. As a rule, mature bushes are watered rarely, but abundantly. If there is no rain during the active growth of shoots and ovaries, 20-30 liters of water are spent on a young bush when watering, and 40-50 liters on a fruit-bearing bush.

How to care for rose hips starting from the third year of life? During this period, the bushes begin to be fed with organic and mineral fertilizers. Minerals are applied in three periods: nitrogen - in the spring, at the beginning of plant growth, and in the summer, during the formation of fruits and shoot growth. During the period of active growth of shoots and ovaries, rose hips respond well to fermented bird droppings or slurry diluted with water, at the rate of a bucket per bush.

It is better to apply mineral fertilizers before watering, scattering them evenly over the entire crown projection and incorporating them into the soil by shallow loosening. Liquid fertilizers It is advisable to pour into circular or longitudinal grooves 7-10 cm deep, located at a distance of 50 cm from the center of the bush. After fertilizing and watering, the furrows are filled in, and the soil around the tree trunks is mulched.

Reproduction and planting of rose hips in spring with seeds

All species can be propagated by seeds. Plants grown from seeds, as a rule, significantly deviate from the mother plant and produce many different forms, differing from each other and from the mother bush in significant characteristics - thorniness, size and shape of the fruit, shade of the petals. When planting rose hips with seeds, the overwhelming majority of vitamin content in the fruits of the offspring does not decrease, and in some forms even increases.

From the third or fourth year of life, seedlings are highly resistant to frost and drought, but begin to bear fruit later than plants obtained vegetatively. High-quality seedlings can only be obtained from the seeds of healthy, high-yielding bushes with large fruits and a high content of vitamins.

The seeds are covered with a durable woody shell, so they are difficult to germinate. They sprout only two, and some even three years after sowing. Therefore, to obtain seeds, the fruits are collected unripe (when the seeds in them are already fully developed, but the shell has not yet hardened). The seeds are removed from the fruit and immediately placed in boxes in damp sand (for one part of seeds - three parts of washed, pre-calcined sand). The boxes should be up to 20 cm high with small holes along the bottom. They are placed in a cool basement and regularly moistened.

To prevent the seeds from being washed away with sand, the holes in the boxes are closed (as when planting indoor flowers) shards of broken flowerpots or covered with loose fabric. The basement is ventilated, maintaining the temperature at 2-4°C in winter. Seeds that are being stratified must be protected from: cover the boxes with glass or metal mesh.

In the fall, you can place the seeds in ridges with well-drained, non-sinking soil, filled with humus and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. After 15-20 cm, cut furrows 4-5 cm deep and sow in them (at the rate of 150-200 pieces per linear meter) seeds. On heavy soils, furrows can be filled with a mixture of earth and humus (in equal proportions). To obtain friendly shoots, the ridges (or at least furrows) are mulched with humus. Mulch and regular watering prevent seeds from drying out.

Rose hips are planted with seeds in the spring in prepared ridges, and until the emergence of seedlings, the soil is constantly kept moist.

Caring for ridges consists of removing weeds, loosening the soil, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers (1 percent solution of ammonium nitrate or urea), and controlling pests and diseases. If the rosehip seedlings on the ridges are dense, they are thinned out. Seedlings obtained from thinning are placed in containers with a small amount water, and then planted in prepared ridges according to the scheme - 20 cm between rows and 10 cm in rows between seedlings. Best time for the emergence of seedlings - the appearance of one or two true leaves. It is better to pick seedlings in cloudy weather or in the evening.

After picking, the rows of seedlings must be carefully watered and mulched. In the first three to four days, watering is carried out daily in the evening, and then as the soil dries. Seven to eight days after picking, the seedlings should be fed with a 1% solution of slurry. Feeding is repeated after two to three weeks. Caring for ridges of pruned seedlings is usual.

Rosehip is one of the most common plants that belong to the Rosaceae family. It has a huge number of species, which different sources number from 300 to 500.

On the territory of Russia, the most widespread and famous is considered to be the May rosehip, which is unpretentious, resistant to weather changes and always bears fruit richly:

Useful features

Rosehip is rich in active substances, vitamins and microelements. Its properties are often used in both traditional and folk medicine for the treatment and prevention of many diseases.

Moreover, its beneficial components appear almost everywhere: in roots, leaves, branches, berries, seeds and flowers.

That is why every family, having a plot of land, strives to grow several bushes of traditional or decorative rose hips there, decorating not only the territory with them, but also providing themselves with a storehouse of necessary nutrients for the whole year.

It is customary to make tinctures, teas, jams and marmalades from rose hips, and simply eat the berries fresh or dried. At the same time, dry inflorescences, leaves, branches and berries can be preserved and not lose their properties for several years.

Rosehip perfectly treats dermatitis, colds and infectious diseases, restores bleeding, heals wounds and mucous membranes, perfectly cleanses the intestines, liver and gall bladder.

Plant varieties

If there are no wild rose hips near your home to maintain supplies of medicinal components, then you need to plant it yourself.

For this purpose, noble plant varieties are most often chosen, with large fruits and a minimum number of thorns and thorns. Such bushes perfectly complement the landscape of the area, delighting with a huge number of bright and large flowers that last for months.

For home plantings, the following types of rose hips are most often chosen: apple, brown, needle, gray, Daurian, alpine, wrinkled, Webb or Fedchenko rose hips.

There are others popular types, which are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and rich supply of vitamins:

1. Vitamin Vnivi. It assumes bushes up to 2 meters high. The entire fruit formation zone is completely free of spiny processes. During flowering it has a pleasant aroma. The flowers are small, but prevail in large numbers. The fruit pulp has the most high level vitamins from all types of rose hips. Vnivi tolerates the cold season well and gives good harvest.
2. Large vnivi. This type of rose hip is famous for its large and juicy fruits. Because of this, it has a massive crown and branches. Maximum height bushes reaches a maximum of 1.5 meters. There are few thorns, the flowers form large and beautiful - pink with red edges.
3. globe. Rose hips of this species have thick branches, and the bush itself takes round shape. This is especially noticeable during the period of fruit ripening, when the branches bend under the weight of the berries. The globe forms well root system and gives many shoots to new bushes. It blooms beautifully and tolerates the cold season well.
4. Rosehip - oval. This type of plant has the sweetest and most suitable fruits for drying. They are often used to make preserves, jams, and candied fruits. Dried fruits can be stored in their original form for several years.
5. Sergei Mironov. This rosehip was bred specifically for home planting. The plant is not afraid of the cold and fights well against any pests. Gives an annual good harvest and lush spring flowering.

Soil preparation and planting

Only rose hips, which grow in wild conditions. And those varieties that you want to grow at home require proper care and planting bushes in the ground.

To do this, it is necessary to prepare the soil so that the rose hips quickly take root and give bountiful harvest at the end of the season.

First of all, you need to know in what period the plant will best take root during planting.

To do this, experienced specialists choose the end of September or the first half of October, when the land is no longer dry and has a sufficient amount of fertilizer. Less commonly, rose hips are recommended to be planted in the spring.

If this is the case, then you need to have time to plant the bushes before the first buds appear on the trees.

The soil for planting should be protected from the wind as much as possible, have good lighting and access to the sun. Additionally, it is recommended to fertilize the soil with compost made from potassium salt and superphosphates. If planting will be done in the spring, it is recommended to fertilize the soil in advance - in the fall, and allow it to overwinter.

Secrets of proper landing

Standard rosehip seedlings that are planted must have a stem above the root system that is at least 80-100 centimeters high.

Taking into account the future possible growth and formation of the bush itself, Seedlings should be planted at a distance of 1-1.5 meters from each other.

The photo shows rosehip seedlings

The holes for planting should reach 30-40 centimeters in depth and half a meter in diameter. Every seat You can add about 10-15 kg of humus or compost. Planted bushes need abundant watering. The soil around them can be covered with sawdust or dry soil.

Proper care

Young rosehip bushes that have not yet taken root well require constant care. To do this, they need to be constantly watered and fertilized.

Older bushes can be fed less frequently, but they require timely pruning and crown formation. On average, one bush can receive from 20 to 40 liters of water, depending on weather conditions and its size.

Starting from the third year of life, it is recommended to feed each rosehip bush with minerals and organic fertilizers: phosphate, potassium, nitrogen. During the period of fruit formation, good fertilizer will become bird droppings diluted with water.

Fertilizer furrows must be filled with soil and watered abundantly over the next few weeks.

Rosehip pruning

Rose hips should be trimmed in moderation. Removing only really unnecessary branches that do not allow large fruits to form.

Pruning should be done in the fall, after harvest. On average, a 5-year-old bush should have no more than 5-8 main strong branches coming from the roots.

All branches and cuttings that go to the side for propagation must be promptly removed or planted, preventing the plant from forming thickets. Be sure to remove branches that have become weak, broken or diseased.

Rosehip variety Rukh

Preparing for winter

Most often, domestic rose hips do not require additional shelter or insulation. The only exception can be young seedlings of decorative varieties, which can bend strongly to the soil by winter.

Before the winter period, all plants need to be fed in time, pruned and ripe fruits removed.

Shrub propagation

Rose hips can be propagated in several ways.

1. Root suckers. Every year, an adult bush produces a certain number of young shoots in the spring, which grow nearby. them with great success can be dug up and planted nearby in appropriate conditions. However, specially bred rosehip varieties may not convey all their varietal characteristics to the shoots.
2. Root cuttings. In the autumn, when the rose hips are already beginning to shed their leaves, you can propagate the bush manually - by digging up required amount root system. It is placed in a special damp place - a basement or barn with wet sand or soil, and then planted in early spring back to the ground.
3. Rosehip propagation green cuttings Suitable for propagation of bushes older than 5-7 years. IN summer period The shoot of green cuttings is actively observed near the main bushes. To do this, they need to be cut in the cool morning, collected in small bunches and allowed to stand for a day in a solution of the growth substance. After the expiration date, the ends are rinsed with water and planted for rooting.
4. Seeds. Rose hips can also reproduce by their seeds, which form inside the fruit. At the end of the season, the seeds can be collected by hand and placed in damp sand for the winter. Seeds should be sown in early spring, having additionally fertilized the soil in advance.

Planting a rosehip cutting

Pests and diseases

Most often, rosehip bushes are attacked by aphids, strawberry weevils, spider mites, sawflies and variegated flies. Given their huge numbers, the bushes are treated by special means and their solutions, in particular actellicom.

However, you can do without chemicals, treating the pests with an infusion of young potato tops, wormwood or dry mustard.

The main diseases of rose hips are rust, which can cover the stems, leaves and fruits. A solution of benthal, foundationazole, or preparations containing sulfur is used against it. At home, rose hips can be treated with regular whey.

Rose hips are one of the richest fruits in the world. natural minerals and vitamins. They can be consumed fresh, dry and even frozen.

They are a basic ingredient for many desserts and healthy drinks. Rose hips have a huge number of medicinal properties that can short time get rid of a wide variety of advanced diseases.

A seasonal supply of berries, leaves and branches, even from one bush, can provide you useful components for the whole year!

Rosehip has many species and is distributed everywhere in Russia: in forests, ravines, and also likes to settle in floodplains of rivers, where it forms bush thickets. It is valued for the high content of vitamin C in its fruits, which is why it is widely used in medicine. This crop is still rarely found in gardens, but has recently been gaining popularity. Many varieties of this useful and beautiful plant have been bred.

Growing rose hips

Rose hips are universal: they are decorative, good for hedges and landscaping, and the fruits can be eaten. There are no particular problems with growing this shrub, as it is unpretentious and frost-resistant.

Rose hips are decorative during flowering and can be used for landscaping

Selecting and preparing a site in the garden

When planting rose hips, keep in mind that it will grow in one place for 20–25 years. Choose an unshaded area, without excess moisture, but not too dry. Rosehip roots go to a depth of 5 m, so in an area with a high occurrence groundwater there is a high probability of them rotting.

It is good if the place chosen for planting previously grew perennial herbs or vegetables, under which a large amount of organic matter was added. Ideally, after previous crops, the area was fallow and cleared of weeds.

Rose hips can be planted both in autumn and spring. For this:

1. The area needs to be dug up to a depth of 25–50 cm.
2. It is necessary to remove weeds and roots of perennial grasses.
3. On acidic soils In the fall, lime should be added (300–400 g per 1 square meter).

Planting and transplanting

One- or two-year-old seedlings are well suited for planting. The sequence of actions is as follows:

Mulching the bite circle retains moisture and protects the rose hips from weeds

Shrub care

During the growing season, you need to thoroughly clean the bed of weeds. Digging up the soil under the bushes in the fall and early spring to a depth of 10–15 cm will help with this, and loosening the rest of the period.

This shrub does not need frequent moistening; only in dry summers can it be watered 2-3 times during the season at the rate of two or three buckets per plant.

Rose hips respond well to fertilizing; we apply them three times a season:

• in early spring - 2–3 kg of manure or compost for digging per 1 m2 or 20–30 g of ammonium nitrate or urea per 1 m2;
• in June - July - feeding with mullein infusion (1:10) or bird droppings (1:10);
• in autumn - 30–40 g of superphosphate and 15–20 g of potassium salt per 1 m2.

The indicated dosage is suitable for fruit-bearing plants; for young plants we reduce it by half.

Pruning and shaping the bush, including in spring

The main skeleton of the shrub is formed in the first year by pruning the branches into 4–6 buds. Subsequently, in early spring or autumn, all broken, dried and diseased branches are removed. Young basal shoots are shortened to 60–70 cm, and 6–7 year old shoots are pruned. A formed rose hip bush should consist of 10–15 branches of different ages.

As a result of pruning, 10–15 branches of different ages should remain on the rose hip bush

If the bush has been thickened for a long time, you can carry out rejuvenating pruning, shortening all branches to 15–20 cm.

Rosehip propagation

There are several ways to obtain new bushes: seeds, green cuttings, division. Reproduction by grafting and budding is also used.

Seed propagation

Seeds need to be collected from unripe fruits, washed and dried. It is better to sow in late August - early September, so the seeds will undergo natural stratification. It should be sown to a depth of 2–3 cm. In spring, the seedlings are thinned out and spread into ridges. To transfer to permanent place two-year-old seedlings 30 cm high will be ready.

Rosehip seeds for planting are collected from unripe fruits

Propagation by green cuttings

To prepare green cuttings, annual shoots are used. Work order:

Heat and humidity are required for successful rooting.. Such conditions are provided by small greenhouses that are easy to set up with your own hands.

The greenhouse for rosehip cuttings consists of soil (1) - a mixture of peat and sand; frame (2), covered with polyethylene; shade fabric (3)

In September, the rooted cuttings with a lump of earth are transferred to the nursery for growing and covered for the winter. The seedlings will be ready for transplanting at the age of two.

In winter, the grown rosehip cuttings are grown in the nursery: 1 - shoots grown over the summer; 2 - support; 3 - slats; 4 - lutrasil

Dividing the bush

The most common way to propagate rose hips is by dividing the bush; it is best to use a 5–6 year old plant. The procedure is carried out in the fall, no later than 2-3 weeks before the onset of frost, so that the rose hips have time to take root. You can use two methods:

Reproduction by grafting and budding

Application of this method is available experienced gardeners. It should be used if you want to graft a cultivated variety onto wild rose hips, perhaps several varieties at the same time on different shoots of the bush.

The plant to be propagated (scion) is grafted onto the root system of another plant (rootstock). In this case, all the properties of the grafted plant are preserved. One of the most simple ways- copulation. It is carried out in early spring, before the sap begins to flow, thus:

1. Make a cut with a clean knife at an angle of 20–25°.
2. The branches are pressed tightly against each other at the cut site and wrapped with a strip of plastic film.

If after 2-3 weeks the buds begin to grow, it means the grafting was successful.

Copulation is one of the simplest methods of grafting

Budding is also propagation by grafting, only one bud is used as a scion. Most often, roses are grafted onto the rosehip root system by budding.

Budding helps to graft a rose onto a rose hip bush

Video: grafting a rose onto a rosehip

Protection from diseases and pests

The following pests cause trouble for rosehip plantings:

• strawberry-raspberry weevil - affects plant buds;
• Bronze moths, glitter moths, caterpillars of leaf rollers, ringed and gypsy moths - spoil the buds and leaves;
• larvae of May beetles, click beetles, and gray root armyworms eat up the roots;
• rose fly - causes damage to fruits, with 8–10-year-old bushes suffering more.

Photo gallery: some rosehip pests

The strawberry-raspberry weevil eats rosehip buds Bronzovka affects the buds and leaves of the rosehip The larva of the cockchafer spoils the roots of the rosehip

The shrub can be affected by the following diseases:

You can protect the plant using the following measures:

1. In early spring we spray with a 5% solution iron sulfate(once every 3–4 years) for destruction harmful insects and prevention of fungal diseases.
2. In April, we cut and burn dry and disease-affected branches, dig up the ground under the bushes to a depth of no more than 10–15 cm. We do this annually, starting from the second year of planting.
3. In early - mid-May we spray with a 0.2% solution of Karbofos to combat insects, their larvae and caterpillars.
4. At the end of May we treat with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture for the prevention and treatment of diseases.
5. In mid-June (the beginning of flowering) and again at the end of the month, we spray the rosehip bushes against rose flies with a 0.2% solution of Chlorophos.

The unpretentiousness of the plant will ensure success even for inexperienced gardeners, subject to the basic rules of agricultural technology for this plant. One of the features that can be noted is that the roots of the rosehip spread out wide, so if you cannot give it a lot of space, dig in slate or a border strip 30–40 cm high along the border of the plantings.

Video: growing rose hips, beneficial properties, collection

Features of growing rose hips in closed containers outdoors and at home

As mentioned above, rose hips have a tap root, which grows greatly both in breadth and depth. In a closed container, including a container, it will be cramped. If you still want to grow this plant in an enclosed space, choose a tall and wide container.

It is also impossible to create the required conditions for this shrub at home; it is not indoor plant. You can experiment with growing rose hips from seeds. It would be appropriate to keep it at home in a large pot until the seedling is one or two years old, and then it would be wiser to transplant it into open ground.

Of course, it is possible to grow a small bush in a pot, but it will not bloom like in the garden.

A rooted rosehip cutting started to grow at home

Types and varieties of rose hips and features of their cultivation

There are many cultivated varieties and types of rose hips. They differ in both the color of the buds and the shape, color and size of the fruit. There are rose hips with orange, red and even black fruits.

Photo gallery: variety of rose hips

The fruits of the wrinkled rose hips are round, red. The fruits of the California rose hips are orange, pear-shaped. The fruits of the red-brown rose hips. oval shape The fruits of the pendulous rose hips have thorns

Types of rose hips

There are many types of decorative rose hips, let's look at the most famous of them.

May rosehip

This is the most common type of plant. The fruits are rich in vitamin C and are used as food and as a medicine. Due to its unpretentiousness and winter hardiness, it is used in urban landscaping. It blooms from May to July, the fruits ripen in August - September.

Photo gallery: May rosehip species

The flowers of the rose hips are large, with five sepals The rose hips are suitable for use as a hedge The fruits of the rose hips contain 10 times more vitamin C than lemons The thorns are located on the lower part of the branches of the rose hips

Rosehip prickly

IN natural form widespread in Siberia and Central Europe, interesting for the blackish color of the fruit. It is grown in the middle zone garden form with double flowers that have a strong aroma.

Photo gallery: prickly rose hip species

The petals of the prickly rose hips are white or yellow-white. In a mature state, the prickly rose hips are blackish. The thorns of the prickly rose hips are longer than the leaves themselves. The prickly rose hips fruits have a black tint.

Rosehip wrinkled

This is a bush up to one and a half meters high. In Russia it grows in the Far East. Can be cultivated as an ornamental plant, as a source of berries and as a hedge. It blooms in June - July, and may bloom again in September - October. The leaves are covered with veins that resemble wrinkles, hence the name of this species.

Photo gallery: rugose type of rosehip

The fruits of the wrinkled rose hips are flattened, bright red. The wrinkled rose hips bloom big flowers different shades The wrinkled rose hip grows up to 1.5 m in height

Rosehip varieties

Many varieties of this representative of the Rosaceae family have been developed.

Vitamin

One of the most popular cultivated varieties is Vitaminny rosehip. Developed at the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. The berries are large and contain a large amount of vitamin C. Up to two and a half kilograms of berries can be collected from one bush, and there are no thorns at the location of the fruit, which simplifies harvesting.

Rosehip berries of the Vitamin variety are large, weighing up to 4 g, growing in clusters

Yellow variety Xanthine

This is one of the most decorative varieties of rose hips with unusual colors. The bush reaches two and a half meters in height. The flowers are large, up to 5 cm in diameter, semi-double. It blooms in May - June, the scarlet fruits ripen in September.

Yellow rosehip Xanthina is distinguished by its decorative properties and excellent fruiting

In memory of Hasanov

This decorative variety rosehip with large white flowers, connected in inflorescences of 6–9 flowers. The bush is medium-sized (height 1.5–2.0 m), 1.5 m in diameter, slightly spreading. Recommended for landscaping in Krasnodar and Stavropol Territory, Rostov region, is also suitable for industrial processing.

Rosehip in Memory of Hasanov grows well in the southern regions of Russia

Thornless varieties

Breeders have developed thornless varieties of rose hips that are convenient for care and harvesting. They are not completely devoid of spines, but have very few of them. These are the following varieties:

Peculiarities of growing rose hips by region

Rose hips are widespread in Russia. This property, such as frost resistance, allows this plant to be grown in Siberia and the Urals, where cold winters are frequent. Drought resistance makes it possible to plant rose hips in southern regions with hot summers, including Crimea. In the European part of Russia, it can withstand recurrent frosts, but does not like rain, which is not uncommon in the summer in this region of our country. In rainy summers, this crop is not watered.

Plant rose hips on your site. You can transfer the plant you like to the garden from the wild or purchase a zoned one from a nursery. The bush is beautiful at the time of flowering and fruiting, and in terms of vitamin C content it has no equal.

I would like to immediately note that age individual species such a plant reaches 400 years. It is the ancestor of all types of cultivated roses.

You can learn about this amazing, elegant, unpretentious plant, where it grows, its benefits and much more by reading this article. Here you can also learn how to propagate decorative rose hips and how to care for them.

The shrub with bright, numerous flowers represents a genus of wild plants. As a rule, it is grown in gardens as a fruit and to produce fruits that have excellent beneficial properties.

Decorative rosehip: photo, description

The flower has a lot cultural forms, which are bred with the name rose. It is valued for the beauty of the bush and the abundance of flowers and greenery. Among other things, rose hips are much more unpretentious than the magnificent, exquisite park roses.

In natural conditions, they prefer the warm temperate climate of the Northern Hemisphere.

For the most part these are shrubs, 2 meters in height with slightly drooping branches. There are also species with rather long branches clinging to neighboring plants, or with creeping shoots along the ground. Rose hips also come in the form of low but dense cushion bushes, which are very attractive and decorative when they bloom.

The plant received its name due to the presence of sharp and strong thorns on it, which can cause certain troubles to any living creature.

Decorative rose hips bloom from May to July, and its berries ripen in August-September, and the last fruits can remain on the bushes even until winter.

Large flowers, mostly solitary, measure 5 centimeters in diameter. The corolla usually contains five white, pink or dark red petals. There are also a huge number of stamens and pistils.

Towards evening, the flowers on the bushes fold their petals, and in the morning they open again, almost always at the same time. It should be noted that C. Linnaeus (Swedish botanist) included rose hips in the list of plants by which one can find out the time of day.

Rosehip branches studded with original berries look good in autumn flower arrangements and dry bouquets. It is not for nothing that it is called decorative rosehip.

Is it possible to eat it? The answer to this question will be found below.

Fruits: use

The spherical or ovoid fruits are usually orange or red in color, fleshy, containing a large number of small seeds (fruits). The inner part of the walls of the fruit is covered with small hairs, and the sepals remain on the upper surface.

Decorative rose hips begin to bear fruit from about 3 years of age (sometimes from 2 years of age), and the most bountiful harvest this plant occurs at an age of approximately 10-12 years. The fruits are usually dried, and in winter they are brewed and drunk 1-2 glasses a day as a good vitamin drink. The fruits can also be used to make jam, marmalade and compotes. Rose hips are also good in the form of purees and syrups.

Legend

There is one curious legend known and widespread among the Cossacks of Kuban.

One young Cossack woman, who lived in ancient times, fell in love with a brave, handsome young man. Their love was mutual. And they swore fidelity to each other for the rest of their lives. But the ataman of the village, who had also liked the young Cossack girl for a long time, sent her to military service that young man. When parting, the beloved gave the girl his faithful and reliable dagger. After seeing him off, the ataman began to force the girl who was left without a betrothed to marry him. And yet the wedding did not take place due to the fact that the bride ran straight from the festive table into the courtyard and there stabbed herself with a dagger given to her by her beloved. At the site where the scarlet drops of blood fell, an amazingly beautiful bush with bright colors. The chieftain, who saw this beautiful plant, wanted to pick the flower he liked. But suddenly the whole bush bristled very sharp spines. He stabbed all his hands so that he could not pick a single flower.

In autumn, the bush was covered with bright, beautiful fruits. Once a sick old woman stopped near him and suddenly heard a barely audible voice that said: “Pick my berries, grandmother, and make tea with them. Do not be afraid of the sharp thorns, as they are intended for unkind people.” The grandmother obeyed, picked the fruits and, having prepared an infusion from them, drank it. Immediately she felt as if she immediately looked ten years younger. Since then, all people began to use the magical, miraculous rose hips for medicinal purposes.

Places of growth

In Russia alone, botanists have identified more than 8 species of this plant. Prickly, surprisingly elegant bushes are found almost throughout the country. The only exception is the Far North.

Rosehip is a fairly light-loving plant, so in nature it prefers open edges, the sides of forest paths and roads, river and lake banks, bush thickets and mountain slopes. Often its thickets, forming huge clumps, penetrate into settlements. They are often adjacent to elderberries.

Types of roses often grown in decorative purposes- wrinkled rose hips (or virginia. In Europe, musky rose hips have taken root and are well distributed. All of them are decorative rose hips. Their varieties are discussed below.

The most common varieties

All wild roses and wild roses bear fruit of different shades: bright red, orange, purple, brown and almost black berries. However, not all of them are equal in quality.

Below are the most valuable (in terms of nutrient content) berries the following varieties rosehip:

May, or cinnamon, is the most common species growing in central Russia. Individual bushes of this rose hip are found in forest clearings and clearings. When grown in the garden, it is very unpretentious to any soil conditions. Typically, such species have high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to various diseases.

The prickly rose is also an ornamental rose hip, which is often grown in city squares and front gardens. The bush is low-growing, its branches are densely lined with thorns. During the flowering period, the plant is completely covered with fragrant snow-white flowers.

Dog rose, or - is almost universally used as a hedge. Light pink fragrant flowers bloom in June, and in autumn time the branches are decorated with beautiful orange-red fruits. This species has fairly tall and spreading bushes up to 2.5-3 meters and a powerful root system. This decorative rose hip is unpretentious, winter-hardy and disease-resistant.

The French rose hip is the ancestor of ancient garden roses, including the medieval pharmacy rose, famous in Europe. This type grows in Southern Europe, in Crimea and in the European part of Russia. Few-branched, low-growing bushes have a height of less than one meter and often form dense thickets. The large flowers of this species have a magnificent bright red color.

Yellow rosehip

This unusual decorative rose hip with yellow flowers(photo below) grows in the Tien Shan, Pamir-Alai and Asia Minor. It usually grows in the mountains.

This plant is a very tall shrub (about 3 meters), with thin, long, often arched, shiny, climbing brown-red shoots. All of them are densely covered with sharp straight spines, which alternate with small bristles.

The odd-pinnate leaves of 5-9 ovate leaflets are up to 4 cm long. In color, they are bluish-green above and pubescent bluish below. Double flowers are usually solitary, rarely found in 2-3 pieces, up to 7 centimeters in diameter. Their color is yellow, the inside is reddish-red. The red fruits are spherical in shape.

This rosehip does not have very good characteristic feature: flowers make it sound bad smell, just like the leaves.

What is important in caring for this plant?

Basic cultivation work of this bush consists of the following: loosening the soil, fertilizing, weed control, watering and pruning. Being unpretentious, the plant still bears fruit well in soils saturated nutrients and well processed. Timely removal of old shoots helps good recovery bush and longer preservation of its beautiful decorative appearance.

Decorative rose hips are pruned before growth begins only once a year (in early spring). It should be noted that a bush is considered more productive if it has shoots of different ages.

How do plants reproduce?

How are ornamental rose hips grown? Reproduction is mostly carried out using root shoots, as well as layering, seeds and green or root cuttings.

The most common and simplest method is propagation by offspring. To do this, they should be harvested in the fall, choosing them from the most productive bushes. Moreover, the length of the rhizome part on the scion should be approximately 15 centimeters, and on the above-ground part there should be a stump no larger than 5 cm in size. These scions can be planted immediately in a permanent place, without any growing.

There is another way to grow decorative rose hips - propagation by seeds. To do this, you need to collect the ripe ones that have already begun to wrinkle, and put them in pots filled with moistened soil. After closing them, leave them on winter period outside to ensure that fruits are exposed to low temperatures to ensure successful seed germination. After frost, you should remove the berries from the pots, separate the seeds and use water in a container to check them for germination. Specimens that have drowned can be sown in boxes and grown in a cold greenhouse.

More about propagation by cuttings

What other method can be suggested to propagate decorative rose hips? Propagation by cuttings is convenient when autumn planting of this crop (in October-November). Planting pit should be about 0.2 meters deep. Rose hips do not react very well to acidic soil, which is why liming of the soil is necessary. You can add both compost and rotted manure to the pit.

More experienced gardeners recommend cutting rosehip seedlings fairly short before planting (the length of thick branches should not exceed 0.1 meters). And the roots can be shortened to 0.2 meters, since cuts on the roots contribute to good survival of the plant.

After all these manipulations, the root system should be dipped in the clay mass, and then carefully straightened. It should be planted so that the root collar is deepened by about 5 cm. Be sure to water the seedling and mulch it with sawdust and peat.

You should pay attention to the gaps between neighboring seedlings. A living decorative hedge can be obtained with a distance between plants of 0.5 meters. Increasing the distance to 1 meter promotes increased yield.

What are the benefits of rosehip?

Decorative rose hips are not only a decoration in gardens. Beneficial features many people know him. Rosehip is valuable for its fruits, which are an excellent natural medicine and a tasty, healthy nutritional supplement.

Rose hips contain many vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body: rutin, carotene, iron, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, organic acids and antioxidants.

The use of rose hips in food helps strengthen the immune system and increases the body's resistance to the effects of harmful bacteria and slows down the aging process.

Conclusion

Beautiful, unpretentious rose hips gave rise to a huge number of species (more than 200) of amazingly beautiful roses that have grown on Earth since ancient times (about 40 million years). These plants are almost as good as cultivated varieties in their aroma and beauty. They are widely used in landscape design.

Among the huge variety ornamental plants exactly wild roses and their hybrids are widely popular and especially loved by flower gardeners: standard and bush ones - for flower beds, especially in the foreground when planted in groups with other flowers; climbing species - for original vertical gardening.

The different periods of flowering of the plant and the variety of colors allow you to create fantastic decorative compositions from rose hips and roses.

We can talk for a long time about these amazing flowers. It should be remembered that ancient legends were invented not about a rose, but specifically about a rose hip bush. And on the English royal coat of arms, preserved from medieval times, the White and Scarlet Roses do not depict garden rose, but a flower of an ordinary rose hip.

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