Diseases and pests of cherries: description with photographs. Diseases of cherries and sweet cherries. Measures to combat them Rusty spots on cherry leaves

In recent decades, due to the spread of diseases of stone fruit crops, gardeners have faced a sharp drop in yields and even the need to cut down recently lush plantings. It is not surprising that among the burning topics, the main place is occupied by cherry diseases and the fight against them; photos and descriptions of dangerous ailments will help owners of their personal plots to timely identify the problem, cope with it and establish prevention.

Until the middle of the last century, the unpretentious cherry tree that grew in gardens throughout the territory former USSR, there were practically no serious enemies. And old, proven varieties regularly delighted rural residents with, if not the largest and sweetest, but numerous berries. But since the 60s in a number of regions cherry trees increasingly, by mid-summer they were almost without leaves, and they bore fewer and fewer berries. This is how coccomycosis, brought from the north of Europe, manifested itself. Three decades later, Russian gardeners became acquainted with another formidable enemy of stone fruit crops - moniliosis. Today, these diseases are the main, but not the only enemies of cherry orchards in Russia. Trees and their crops are threatened by scab, holey spot, gum disease and other misfortunes.

General measures to protect cherries from diseases and pests

Unfortunately, fungal and related infections are so common today that good harvest, relying only on varietal characteristics and ordinary care will no longer work. Preventive and medicinal use fungicides on personal plots- the norm. But even the most effective means have their own weak spots. The fungus is already able to adapt to earlier conditions in the second or third year. effective drug. Therefore, chemicals have to be changed regularly, not forgetting about compliance with agricultural technology and basic attention to planting.

In addition to spraying with fungicides, cherry trees need:

in carried out;
in regular rejuvenation of fruit-bearing trees to wood level for 3–4 years;
in cleaning fallen leaves and removing even inedible, dry fruits remaining on the branches;
in proper fertilizer and mandatory watering of the garden.

Details about cherry diseases - video

It is difficult for a modern gardener to imagine that 60-70 years ago, Russian villages were literally buried in cherry orchards. Villagers were attracted to cherries by their unpretentiousness, and in those years diseases were not encountered on the tree.

The situation changed in the mid-20th century, when a fungal disease of cherries, coccomycosis, came from Scandinavia. Somewhat later, in the mid-90s, moniliosis appeared. As of 2015, these two problems are the main ones and cause a lot of trouble for gardeners.

How to deal with cherry diseases? What do affected trees look like? Is it possible to prevent diseases? Read about this in the article.

The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Coccomyceshiemalis, which mainly affects the leaves of the tree. The disease occurs in summer, favorable conditions are air temperature from 21 0 C, prolonged rains, fog. It was in humid environment the fungus spreads quickly. The cherry varieties Lyubskaya and Vladimirskaya are least susceptible to the disease. Felt cherry coccomycosis does not affect.

Signs accompanying the development of the disease:

Small spots of light red color appear on the top of the leaf (see photo).
The spots increase in size, merge, back side a pink coating forms on the leaf.
By the beginning of August, the leaves dry out and fall off, and the tree becomes unprepared for winter.
A weakened cherry tree can hardly withstand frost, frost holes appear, and some of the branches die.

If you do not take measures to prevent and control the fungus -

the cherry dies in the second or third year after infection.

Prevention of the disease consists of timely removal of fallen leaves and subsequent destruction. The recommended medications are: contact fungicides:

Bordeaux mixture - a solution of copper sulfate in lime milk;
copper oxychloride;
zineb;
mancozeb.

Before flowering, trees must be treated with a solution iron sulfate at the rate of 300 g/10 l of water. To treat cherry coccomycosis, use systemic fungicides. The names of the drugs, their dosage and use are shown in the table:

A significant disadvantage of these drugs is the following:

with repeated use, the fungus develops resistance to their effects. Don't use the same fungicides every year, alternate them.

Systemic fungicides penetrate plants in 2-3 hours; spray trees in dry weather. Remember that the toxicity level of fungicides for humans is average; protect your respiratory system from exposure to the drugs.

Moniliosis and control measures

The causative agent is Moniliacinerea. Other names for the disease: monilial burn and fruit rot. In Russia, it is most widespread in the middle zone, in the south of the Urals and Siberia, in Krasnodar region. In these regions, the infection of trees by the fungus reaches 100%.

How does the disease develop on cherries?

Fungal spores land on the pistil during cherry blossoms and germinate.
The pathogen penetrates the branches of the tree through the peduncle and destroys the wood.
By the end of May, the branches begin to dry out, outwardly it looks like a chemical burn (see photo).
The fungus enters the sporulation phase and enters the fruit through cracks.
As a result, the fruits mummify, dry out and, if they remain on the tree until spring, serve as a source of another infection.

Moniliosis develops intensively in spring and summer during prolonged rains. In steppe regions, the disease does not occur during dry weather. The degree of damage to cherries depends on the density of the garden, weather, and variety. If monilial burn appears on a cherry tree repeatedly, for several years in a row, the tree dies.

Prevention is primarily aimed at eliminating foci of the pathogen. Collect and destroy fallen leaves, cut out diseased branches, dig up soil in tree trunk circles. To prevent illness, use contact fungicides. Spray the cherries before the buds open with a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture, this will prevent the fungus from penetrating the pistils during flowering.

For treatment use systemic fungicides. Special attention Spray the cherries that were sick last year with a solution of foundationazole (10g/10l). Treatment should be carried out at the beginning and middle of flowering. In rainy spring, keep in mind that the period of penetration of the drug into the plant is 2 hours, during which time there should be no precipitation.

If there is no foundation, use Topaz. Prepare the solution at the rate of 1 ampoule per 10 liters of water. Spray the tree at the beginning of the growing season and after 2 weeks. It is acceptable to use drugs from the table above.

Cherry blight and control measures

Gommosis or is common in stone fruit tree species, especially in and. The disease occurs on the bark, branches and fruits of cherries. When branches are damaged, the cambium is damaged and further growth in thickness becomes impossible. Another danger is that the gum spreads the fungus moniliosis, which is carried by the wind to healthy trees.

Causes of gommosis:

excessive watering and fertilization;
early kidney loss;
frost holes and other branch injuries;
Some pests can also cause gum discharge.

For preventing cherry gommosis follow agricultural practices:

Do not over-moisten the soil with frequent watering.
Apply fertilizers according to the instructions, do not overdose.
Promptly trim frost-damaged branches.
Protect the tree from sunburn.

Treatment consists of treating wounds caused by gum bleeding. A garden pitch, 1% solution of copper sulfate (10g/liter) is suitable for this. Extensive wounds can be covered with a mixture of cow dung and clay in a 1:1 ratio.

Clusterosporiasis, or hole spot, is a fungal disease that affects the buds, flowers, leaves and branches of stone fruit trees, including cherries. At the beginning of the development of the disease, brown spots, having a darker border. Subsequently, through holes are formed, the sheet dries and falls off. Cherry fruits wrinkle, darken and fall off. If left untreated, the fungus overwinters in cracks in the bark and becomes more active the following season with a vengeance.

Prevention consists of timely pruning of diseased branches and removing fallen leaves. Good result gives soil spraying in early spring a solution of nitrafen or copper sulfate 1%.

If perforated spotting is detected, take the following measures:

Inspect the branches and remove completely affected ones.
Clean local foci of clasterosporiosis and disinfect with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.
To prevent gommosis, coat the treated areas with garden varnish.

Good result

Rubs sorrel juice on diseased branches.

If the disease progresses, use Bordeaux mixture. The first spraying is during bud break, subsequent sprayings are done at intervals of 10-14 days. Remember that the period between processing and harvesting must be at least 20 days.

Cherry anthracnose and control measures

The causative agent is the fungus Gloeosporiumampelophagum. The disease is typical for vineyards, but cherries are also affected. Most clearly manifested in fruits:

First, small spots of light pink color appear. It is difficult to notice them, because the disease develops further without hindrance.
Lumps form irregular shape dark in color and later merge.
The fruits dry out and fall off.

The disease occurs in the first half of summer. It is during this period that the conditions for the fungus are most favorable: air temperature within 24-30 0 C, frequent rains. In the second half of summer, cases of the disease are rare.

For prevention, it is important to promptly trim diseased parts of the tree and then burn it. Among the preparations, a solution of 1% Bordeaux mixture can be used during the growing season.

Good results are obtained with the drug Poliarm at a dosage of 15 g/10 liters of water. Terms of use:

Inflorescence formation.
Late flowering.
Formation of the fetus
After 2 weeks.

Total 4 treatments per season.

that according to the instructions, the last spraying of cherries with Poliarm should be no later than 60 days before harvesting.

Rust and types of control

The causative agent is a fungus of the genus Thekopsorapadi. The disease affects cherry leaves, which become covered with red spots with a rust-colored border (hence the name of the disease). Foci of the disease grow, gradually covering the entire leaf, which dries and falls off.

The causes of fungus in your garden are: coniferous trees, growing nearby. When the cones ripen, spores are formed, which are the "host" of Thekopsorapadi. The spores are carried by the wind to the cherry and a disease occurs.

According to gardeners, the only effective fungicide against this type of fungus is “Hom”. The solution is prepared at the rate of 40 g/10 l of water. Depending on the degree of rust damage, the solution consumption varies from 2.5 to 5 liters per tree.

Processing is prohibited

in the cherry blossom phase: the fungicide is dangerous for bees.

Cherry scab: how to treat

The disease is caused by the fungus Karaculiniacerasi. It is rare in cherries, but if it occurs, then you can forget about productivity. Therefore, when a disease occurs, measures must be taken. Cherry scab development takes place in several stages:

The pathogen overwinters in fallen leaves and becomes active with the advent of heat.
It sticks to young foliage growing at the top of the shoot and penetrates deeper.
At an air temperature of 20 0 C, the pathological process begins, externally this is noticeable by the appearance of bright yellow spots on the leaf.
As the disease progresses, the spots darken and their centers crack.

The fungus is not dangerous to the life of the tree, but has a detrimental effect on the fruit. The cherries become smaller, the presentation deteriorates and taste qualities. To prevent scab, collect and burn fallen leaves in the fall, dig up the soil in the tree trunks. To combat, spray the tree with a solution of copper oxychloride (40g/10l):

Spraying a tree against scab three times:

during the period of kidney formation;
immediately after flowering;
after harvesting.

If scab cannot be treated with this substance, use Cuprosan solution (40-45g/10 l). It is based on copper oxychloride, but the effect is enhanced by the inclusion of zineb. It will take 6 treatments with an interval of 20 days.

General measures to prevent cherry disease

As of 2015, it is not possible to obtain high yield with excellent taste and commercial qualities, without cherry processing systemic fungicides. The exception is the steppe regions of the Chernozem region, the Volga region, North Caucasus. But even in this case, you need to monitor the weather: rainy summers contribute to the development of the fungus even in these regions.

In addition to spraying with fungicides, disease control measures are as follows:

Pruning at the end of March. Remove old, dried branches that thicken the crown. Everything that is cut must be burned.
, cutting them to the height of three to four year old wood.
Remove and burn fallen leaves in a timely manner.
Remove from the branches and destroy dry, mummified and fungus-affected fruits.
Use zoned ones for your region. The degree of their damage by fungal diseases is low, treatment is required much less frequently.
Fertilizer and watering should be standardized.

When the first symptoms of the disease appear, treatment should not be delayed. Do not combine several products. For example, a combination of copper sulfate and Bordeaux mixture doubles the toxicity.

The preparations described in the article are approved for use in amateur and industrial gardening; they can be purchased at any specialized store.

Until the middle of the last century, the unpretentious cherry, growing in gardens throughout the former USSR, had practically no serious enemies. And old, proven varieties regularly delighted rural residents with, if not the largest and sweetest, but numerous berries. But since the 60s, in a number of regions, cherry trees increasingly stood almost without foliage by mid-summer, and they bore fewer and fewer berries. This is how coccomycosis, brought from the north of Europe, manifested itself. Three decades later, Russian gardeners became acquainted with another formidable enemy of stone fruit crops - moniliosis. Today, these diseases are the main, but not the only enemies of cherry orchards in Russia. Trees and their crops are threatened by scab, holey spot, gum disease and other misfortunes.

Gardeners in the North-West of the country, the Non-Black Earth Region and nearby regions are in the zone of greatest spread of cherry diseases and pests. Cherry plantings in areas with a warmer and drier climate, for example, the Caucasus, Volga region, Kuban and the south of the Black Earth Region, are relatively safe. But even here, without proper attention, care and prevention, there is a high probability of plant disease.

Coccomycosis: description of cherry disease with photographs

The greatest damage to the crop is caused by fungal diseases of cherries. One of the most dangerous and insidious is coccomycosis. The spread of the disease is facilitated by long humid periods when the air is heated to 20–24 °C. Such conditions allow the infectious agent, the fungus Coccomyces hiemalis, to develop, multiply and infect plants unhindered.

The disease manifests itself in the summer, and it characteristic features, first of all, noticeable on the foliage:

On the front side sheet plates Round brownish or reddish spots form.
Gradually they grow, the tissues in the middle dry out, and areas with a pinkish coating appear on the back of the leaf.
Foliage affected by coccomycosis dies and falls off in the second half of summer, leaving the branches almost naked.

Judging only by external signs, coccomycosis could be considered a disease of cherry leaves. But this opinion is wrong! Due to the early loss of the green part of the crown, cherry trees are weakened and unprepared for wintering. As a result, some of the shoots die by spring, and damage is found on the trunk and skeletal branches.

Already in the first year after infection, cherries reduce yield, and the quality of pilaf decreases. If you don’t urgently fight the disease, the cherry tree, as in the photo, will die in the next few years.

Premature leaf fall in the middle of summer should seriously alert the gardener. All fallen leaves must be collected and destroyed, and the plants are treated with Bordeaux mixture, iron sulfate solution or systemic fungicides. Repeated treatment is carried out according to the instructions after 7–14 days after the first one.

The main measures to combat cherry fungal disease are aimed at destroying the pathogen and preventing its spread to healthy trees.

As a preventive measure in the risk zone, as well as in humid weather that promotes the spread of coccomycosis, spraying of cherries is carried out in the spring, even before the flower buds open, and at the end mass flowering plants.

At the same time, you need to remember about the possible toxicity of sprayed products. The fruits remaining on the branches are removed, hands and respiratory organs are protected with gloves and a respirator. For the drugs to be as effective as possible, they must be applied to dry foliage and act unhindered for 2–3 hours. Therefore, for processing it is better to choose a windless, fine morning or evening, when there is no danger of sunburn.

Cherry moniliosis: photo of the disease and the fight against it

Moniliosis or monilial burn is already well known to gardeners middle zone Russia, Kuban, Black Earth Region, southern regions Siberia and the Urals. In some areas, almost all cherry plantings are infected with a harmful fungus, but in addition, the fungal disease of cherries caused by Monilia cinerea is also dangerous for other fruit crops.

The primary infection of a tree occurs during flowering, when fungal spores penetrate and grow through the pistil and peduncle deep into the wood tissue. However, noticing cherry disease in the spring, gardeners often mistake its symptoms for the consequences of freezing or unsuccessful chemical treatment.

Indeed, the branches, flowers and young leaves drying out under the influence of the spreading fungus seem to be scorched. And moniliosis lesions from the outside look like large solid spots in the crowns of recently completely healthy trees.

Secondary infection occurs through fruits in which fungal spores ripen. From the outside, the berries look dry, mummified, often covered with a grayish coating. They adhere tightly to the branches and, if not removed, persist until spring, becoming a new source of infection.

Infection is promoted by wet spring-summer weather, irregular pruning of the crown and violations of agricultural practices. If the prevention of cherry disease and its treatment is not given due attention, the trees wither and die within a few years.

To minimize the number of foci of infection, be sure to:

fallen leaves are removed, and the soil under the trees is carefully loosened;
cut, capturing part of the healthy wood, and destroy branches affected by moniliosis;
remove and burn the remaining fruits.

In the spring, before the buds open, cherry plantings are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or other contact fungicide. Repeated treatment is carried out in the second half of flowering. Particular attention is paid to plants that have already been attacked by a harmful fungus in the past. If cherry disease is noticed in spring on previously healthy trees, you will have to resort to help systemic fungicides, for example, Scora, Topaz or Fundazol.

Cherry clasterosporiasis and treatment of the disease

Hole spotting is in third place in terms of destructive influence. Clusterosporiasis is also a fungal disease of cherry and affects not only foliage and shoots, but also flowers. The disease first manifests itself by the appearance of brownish-brown spots. As they grow, the tissues inside dry out and crumble, leaving large round holes. The diseased foliage dries and falls off, the affected berries also do not fill and dry out. Spores of a harmful fungus overwinter:

in the soil;
on the remaining mummified fruits;
inside cracks in the bark;
on plant residues.

In addition to regular cleaning and destruction of fallen leaves and pruning of the crown, to prevent and treat cherry diseases and the soil around them in the spring, they are sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate or Horus.

Developing according to the description, as in the photograph, cherry disease requires urgent action. In this case, complex action fungicides or Bordeaux mixture are used. Full-scale processing is carried out in several stages, starting with the green cone stage and ending with summer days, when there are just over 20 days left until harvest.

Similar measures are taken when signs of brown spot and rust are detected on fruit trees. In both cases, the gardener is faced with the appearance of brown, reddish-brown or red spots on the leaves and ovaries, which are a manifestation of the activity of harmful fungi. All of these diseases negatively affect the yield and consumer properties of fruits and weaken the plants. Therefore, at the slightest delay, the garden will need to not only fight cherry diseases, but also pests, for which the affected plants become desirable and easy prey.

Cherry scab: description of the disease and its treatment

Most often, scab, also caused by fungi, occurs on apple and pear trees, but in garden plots it can also affect stone fruit crops. If, as in the photo, a disease is detected on a cherry, the fight against it should be carried out as seriously as with moniliosis or brown spot.

Dark scab spots with a cracking center grow not only on foliage. They capture the filling berries and sharply reduce the quality of the harvest, making the fruits practically unsuitable for food and processing.

A good measure to prevent and combat cherry fungal disease is:

collection and destruction of fallen leaves;
timely formation and sanitary pruning of the crown;
digging the soil under the trees;
spraying plants and tree trunk circles solution of fungicide, copper oxychloride or Bordeaux mixture.

As in other cases, the treatment is carried out in several stages in accordance with the instructions for the product chosen by the gardener.

Gommoz: description of cherry disease with photographs

Drops of gum appearing on the trunk and branches of the cherry tree are also a disease. Gommosis or gum bleeding can be caused by several reasons:

sunburn;
exposure to frost;
improper use of fertilizers;
mechanical damage to the cortex left without proper attention.

At first glance, a phenomenon that is not dangerous to the life of a plant is actually a harbinger of the most unpleasant consequences. In an area where the cambium is damaged, the correct development of wood is hampered or stopped, but access is completely open to harmful fungi, other causative agents of cherry diseases and pests.

In this case, it is equally important to prevent the appearance of new cracks, as well as to heal existing ones as quickly and effectively as possible. In order to prevent gum development, after sanitary pruning and crown formation, it is necessary to treat with garden varnish. The resulting damage is pre-irrigated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

General measures to protect cherries from diseases and pests

Unfortunately, fungal and related infections are so common today that it is no longer possible to achieve a good harvest by relying only on varietal characteristics and normal care. Preventive and therapeutic use of fungicides in garden plots is the norm. But even the most effective means have their weaknesses. The fungus is already able to adapt to a previously effective drug in the second or third year. Therefore, chemicals have to be changed regularly, not forgetting about compliance with agricultural technology and basic attention to planting.

In addition to spraying with fungicides, cherry trees need:

in sanitary pruning of the crown carried out in spring;
in regular rejuvenation of fruit-bearing trees to wood level for 3–4 years;
in cleaning fallen leaves and removing even inedible, dry fruits remaining on the branches;
in proper fertilizer and mandatory watering of the garden.

If diseases that are dangerous for stone fruit crops are widespread in the region, it is better for the gardener to take care of selecting zoned resistant varieties and hybrids already at the stage of planting a garden.

" Cherry

Successful cultivation and the longevity of the cherry is possible only with the absolute health of the tree. Throughout its life, a fruit tree is threatened by a variety of diseases or physiological disorders during internal organs. Often such phenomena become a real problem, the trees stop bearing fruit, dry out and then simply die. This happens even to the strongest trees. In this article, we will figure out why such troubles happen, get acquainted with possible cherry diseases, what preventive measures to take and how to treat affected trees.

Cherry is one of the most disease-resistant crops among fruit trees. These indicators have decreased significantly, and the main reasons for this were the emergence of new types of fungal diseases and natural disasters.

The cause of the spread of the disease may be non-compliance with prevention and farming rules. Rotting plant residues, improper rotation of crops, massive spread of pests, lack of fungicide treatment, contributing to the epidemic of the entire area.

The most common diseases that affect cherries are:

Hole spot,
Coccomycosis,
Moniliosis,
Anthracnose,
Gum treatment,
Rust,
Scab,
Root cancer.

Frequent reasons for the lack of fruiting, even with abundant flowering cherries become dangerous diseases: coccomycosis and moniliosis. These diseases can also affect other fruit trees in your garden: cherries, apricots, plums and others.

In order to provide the tree with timely assistance, to protect itself from loss of the harvest and possibly the plant itself, you need to constantly inspect it. Many diseases can be recognized in a short time, when the damage done to the cherry is minimal. You can learn how to do this from this article.

Hole spot (clasterosporiasis)

This is a fungal disease that affects all tree structures.

Signs of klyasterosporiosis. The formation of light brown spots with a red-brown border on the leaves. The affected tissues die and fall out. Ragged holes form on the sheet. The shoots become covered with cracking spots, from which gum flows out. The buds become black and shiny.
Treatment. Trimming and burning all affected areas of the tree. Spraying cherries and the surrounding area with 3% Bordeaux mixture. Digging and complete destruction plant residues in the circle around the trunk. In case of severe damage, the procedure is repeated after a week. Treatment of gum wounds.
Consequences. Premature falling of leaves, shoots and branches. Drying of fruits, loss of commercial quality.

Coccomycosis: ways to combat the fungus

This is a fungal disease that mainly forms on the leaves and less commonly affects berries. This disease is inherent in trees growing both in the Moscow region and in other regions of Russia.

Signs. At the beginning of the disease, small red dots appear on the leaf; as the disease progresses, they become big sizes and gradually merge with each other. At high humidity A pink coating forms on the underside of the leaf. Without treatment, browning and necrosis result, dead tissue falls off and lacerations form on the leaves.
What to do. In autumn (after leaf fall) and spring (before buds open), treat with 4% Bordeaux mixture. Trimming and destroying affected areas.
Consequences. Premature leaf fall, depletion and death of the tree, loss of harvest.

Moniliosis or gray mold

This is a fungal disease, which is also called monilial burn. Cherry becomes infected with moniliosis when the tree begins to bloom, through damage to the bark.

Signs. During the wet and warm season, small pustules form on the petioles and lower surface of the leaves. white, which in appearance resemble branched chains. Fungal spores are carried by wind and insects to the surface of the fruit, forming brown spots on them that gradually spread over the entire surface. After another 10 days, yellowish cushions (sporodochia) form on the surface of the fetus. The affected fruits fall off or remain on the branches of the cherry, where the fungal spores overwinter and begin to develop when the air temperature rises above +15°.
Treatment. All plant waste near the tree is collected and burned. Cherry branches are cut 10 cm below the level of the lesion, the bark is cleared to healthy tissue. Cherries are treated with fungicides, the main preparations are: Azocene, Topsin, Horus (15 g/10 l).
Consequences. Lack of fruiting, gradual death of the tree, epidemic on the site.

It is not easy to get rid of moniliosis, so treatment with fungicides must be carried out repeatedly, cutting off the affected areas as they appear and burning all plant waste.

Anthracnose - a disease of berries, how to treat

This fungal disease most often affects cherry fruits and remains undetected for a long time.

Signs. At the beginning of the lesion, dull dots appear on the fruits, gradually growing into pale pink bulges. At low humidity, cherry fruits mummify, turn black and fall off.
Treatment. Spraying cherries with contact fungicide Poliram. Treatments are carried out before and after flowering, and the third after 15 days.
Consequences. Drying of shoots, loss of yield up to 80%.

Gum discharge (gommosis)

Appears after mechanical damage bark, frost damage, sunburn or fungal diseases.

Signs. The release of thick colorless or brown resin from damaged wood - gum.
Treatment. Disinfection of wounds with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, treatment with garden pitch. Affected branches are cut out and burned. Whitewashing the trunk with lime in spring and autumn.
Consequences. Weakening of the tree, decreased productivity, dying of branches.

Rust is a leaf disease

Fungal disease, affecting cherry leaves. The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae, the host of which is juniper, and the intermediate host is pear.

Signs. At the beginning of the disease, small greenish-yellow spots form on the leaves, which gradually enlarge and the affected tissues swell. A few days after the first signs appear, a powdery coating forms on the surface of the leaf, which gradually darkens.
Treatment. Spraying cherries before budding with 5% Bordeaux mixture, repeated spraying with 1% before flowering. Destruction of plant residues and affected leaves.
Consequences. Reduced fruiting and winter hardiness, leaf fall.

Replanting plum crops in the place of the affected plant is possible only after 2-3 years. You need to take a close look at the coniferous crops on the site, which can be sources of rust.

Scab, what measures to take?

A fungal disease that damages the leaves and fruits of cherries.

Signs. After the cherry tree is infected with pathogen spores, brown-olive spots with a velvety surface appear on the leaves. Yellow circles blur around the spot. Gradually, fungal spores spread to the fruits and cracks form on them. Unripe green fruits stop developing.
Treatment. Spraying cherries and the surrounding area with Nitrafen before the buds open. After this, you need to do three treatments with 1% Bordeaux mixture: during bud break, after flowering, after harvesting. If necessary, repeat the procedure.
Consequences. Loss of harvest.

Root cancer, what to do?

This is a bacterial infection of the roots that appears through contaminated soil.

Signs. The appearance of tumorous growths - galls - on the root collar, main and lateral roots. At the beginning of the disease, the growths are small, soft and have a smooth surface. As the disease progresses, it increases in size and acquires a hard and lumpy surface. In autumn the growths are destroyed.
Treatment. Two treatments of cherries with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate: before and after the growing season.
Consequences. Plant nutritional deficiency, impaired sap flow, decreased productivity and disease resistance.

A thorough inspection is required before boarding. planting material. If tumor-like growths are detected, the affected areas are cut off to healthy tissue, the roots are treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

Prevention of cherry diseases

Despite the fact that some cherry varieties are characterized by resistance to certain diseases, this is a relative concept. Absence preventive work, violation of crop farming practices, unfavorable climatic conditions together weaken the plant, and defeat will still occur. Therefore, you need to take care of this in advance.

Mechanical damage

If the cherry's protective coverings are damaged, and this happens when branches are broken, leaves are torn, frost breaks, or cuts in the bark, the risk of damage increases. Damage to roots by rodents contributes to the development of root cancer, which can enter the tree structure through vectors or from affected soil.

Activity:

timely pruning and removal of old, rotten and overgrown branches;
treating wounds with garden varnish;
protecting cherries from rodents in winter;
whitewashing the trunk with lime from frost blasts.

When planting cherries, it is important to prevent possible blowing of the area by squally winds.

Deficiency of microelements and moisture

The massive spread of fungal and bacterial infections is facilitated by climate change. Constant temperature changes between cold and warm create favorable environment for the development of microorganisms. A weak and unprepared tree has a very low chance of resisting the pressure of fungi and bacteria.

Therefore, it is mandatory autumn feeding. How much fertilizer should I apply? At the rate of 1m2, the following is added to the circumferential circle:

manure (5 kg) or aqueous solution potassium chloride(150 g/10 l);
aqueous solution of superphosphate (300 g/10 l).

In the absence of rain, moisture-recharging irrigation is carried out with at least 18 buckets of water under each tree.

Fungicide protection

Preventative treatment with fungicides should be carried out three times a year.. In the spring, before buds open, to suppress spores and bacteria that have overwintered in the tree structures. During flowering to consolidate the result. In autumn to minimize the activity of microorganisms during temperature changes.

To do this, the cherries are sprayed:

in the spring a solution of copper sulfate, soap and water (300g/50g/10l);
in summer aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate (30 g/10 l);
after harvest 1% Bordeaux mixture.

Additional protection for the tree can be created by adding copper sulfate into the lime mixture for whitewashing the trunk.

To keep the risk of developing diseases to a minimum, you need to follow the rules every year, these are:

complete removal of plant residues from the site;
cleaning the trunk trees from peeling bark, layers of moss and lichens;
digging site, weed removal;
thinning thickened crown;
the right neighborhood and distance between plants.

The lack of prevention in at least one gardening area contributes to the spread of pests that are carriers of bacteria. Besides, mass destruction cherry insects greatly deplete the plant. This can only be prevented with complete control over the number of pests.

Leaf fall in July or August, causes of tree disease

Gardeners often ask the question: “Why did the cherry tree drop its leaves in July or August?” And the reason for this is a fungal disease.

After a wet spring, followed by a rainy summer, orchard You can see a completely atypical picture: the leaves have fallen, and on the bare branches there are ripening cherry fruits. This happens in the second ten days of July. The leaves turn yellow and fall off, and the fruits on such trees become smaller and mummified, which leads to complete or partial loss of the harvest.

The culprit of the pathological phenomenon is coccomycosis, which affected the tree in the previous season.. Further development of fungal spores was facilitated by the absence severe frosts, so the infection overwintered well and after warming to +15° began to actively reproduce spores.

When affected by coccomycosis, the cherry does not die, but is greatly weakened before winter. Each phase life cycle tree has its meaning. At the beginning of the growing season, the roots of the tree provide food for fruit set and leaf growth. And after fruiting and before leaf fall, the leaves provide the roots and structures of the tree with nutrients for the winter season.

That's why, when the tree sheds its leaves in July, the cherry tree cannot properly prepare for the dormant period. After surviving several such winters, the tree gradually dies.

Treatment measures should begin immediately after detection of the lesion. It may be necessary to remove most of the skeletal branches and carry out several treatments according to the recommended scheme, but without these measures it is not possible to get rid of coccomycosis.

The fight against cherry diseases will be successful if you know everything well weak sides infections. It's dryness sunlight, cleanliness and fungicide treatment. Maintaining such conditions is not difficult and does not take much time. And you can lay a healthy foundation already when planting cherries, avoiding low-lying areas with stagnant moisture and fog.

Cherry – excellent fruit tree, which, with proper and timely care, gives an excellent tasty harvest. But it is not enough just to water and loosen the soil on time. It is also necessary to closely monitor the state of his health in order to prevent unpleasant consequences if alarming symptoms appear. Today we will talk about the most common cherry diseases and the most effective methods combating them (photo and video materials are attached).

The main diseases of cherries and methods of combating them

Most often, a gardener (even an experienced one) discovers unpleasant changes in the condition of the cherry after the symptoms of the disease appear. Be that as it may, any changes in appearance trees must be thoroughly examined and the root causes identified. And for this it is important to have an idea of what diseases cherries are susceptible to. Let's look at the most common of them.

Coccomycosis: symptoms and treatment

The source of the disease is marsupial fungus. It affects the foliage of the tree - it becomes covered with reddish spots. When humidity is high, a pinkish coating appears on the leaves. Over time, the foliage of a tree affected by the disease dries out and falls off, and the tree itself becomes weakened and may die at the first frost.