Hryvnia symbol. AD – Architectural design studio Ukrainian currency sign

Currency signs

Currency signs are separated when typed on paper by a semicircular emboss, and when typed for a website - by a non-breaking space (Ctrl + Shift + Space or Alt + 0160).

Euro sign
Everything about the Euro symbol

In November 2006, the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan held a competition to create a drawing of the tenge symbol. Many works were submitted for consideration, and already on March 29, 2007, a new symbol of the national currency was selected and approved. But after the publication of the results of the competition, a scandal erupted, the reason for this was the following fact - the new tenge symbol is completely identical to the symbol of the Japanese postal service, which, in turn, has been used for more than 120 years.

It is also worth paying attention to the “Price List” typeface, which was developed by the Satori studio in 2009.
Download the headset “Price List”

The “price list” is supplied in two styles – regular and italic. The font contains only numbers, some punctuation marks, some arithmetic symbols, and currency symbols. In addition to the Kazakh tenge symbol, the font also contains symbols for the following world currencies:

• U.S. dollar;
• Euro;
• Russian ruble;
• Ukrainian hryvnia;
• Mongolian tugrik;
• Japanese yen;
• South Korean won;
• Thai baht;
• Nigerian naira;
• British pound sterling.

Belarusian ruble sign

Abbreviations - "R." And "rub.".

The banking system uses a kind of abbreviated designation for the currencies of a particular state. Therefore, for the question “UAH – what kind of currency is this?” there is a clearly defined answer.

This is the symbol for the Ukrainian hryvnia. The Latin letters are deciphered from UA - Ukraine, and H is the first letter from the international designation of the hryvnia.

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This monetary unit was first introduced into circulation in the fall of 1996. Financial structures also use another designation, only this time it is digital – 980. Letter designation standards are used for all currencies involved in international financial transactions.

The denomination of the currency of this country is represented by bills of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, as well as 100, 200 and 500 hryvnia (or hryvnia). The denomination of coins that make up one hryvnia unit is slightly different from banknotes: these are 1, 2.5, 10, 25, 50 kopecks.

Each hryvnia includes 100 kopecks, and the term “hryvnia” itself has a long history, since it was in use back in the era of the development of Kievan Rus. Initially, this monetary sign could be not only a monetary unit, but also a measure of weight and a badge of distinction.

According to the explanations of the National Bank of Ukraine, in order to correctly display the monetary unit of this country, one should refer to the phonetic-graphic features of the pronunciation of this word.

Therefore, the definition of “hryvnia” was established by the official translation of the Constitution of the Ukrainian state into Russian.

Stages of development of the UAH currency

The original definition of “hryvnia” referred to an ornament made of precious metals, which was customarily worn on the back of the neck, which was the source of its name. Later they began to designate the measure of weight of such valuable metals as silver and gold.

The first monetary payment concepts appeared, such as the counting hryvnia (kun) and the weighted silver hryvnia. The number of kunas included in the hryvnia gradually increased due to the depreciation of the monetary unit and the further development of trade.

During the era of the Central Rada and the Directory, which existed on the territory of Ukraine in 1917-1919, active attempts were made to print paper hryvnia bills. After the defeat of the Directory, the history of this currency ceased until the collapse of the Soviet Union. In April 1991, work on a sovereign Ukrainian currency was resumed, but it could only come into circulation several years later.

In the history of modern Ukraine, this payment unit was introduced into circulation after the Presidential Decree of August 25, 1996, entitled “On monetary reform in Ukraine,” and began its circulation within the country on September 2 of the same year.

The exchange of the old currency, karbovanets, which played a temporary role, into the hryvnia began at the rate of: 100,000 karbovanets = 1 hryvnia (hryvnia). The exchange procedure was carried out in the future, until the complete withdrawal of Karbovanets from circulation in 1998.

Modern banknotes

In the modern era, a considerable number of commemorative and anniversary coins have been issued, dedicated to significant events and special dates.

Similarly, several monetary reforms were carried out, during which old banknotes were replaced with new ones in order to give them a greater degree of protection from skilled counterfeiters.

However, the current characters depicted on each hryvnia banknote (UAH) have not changed:

• 1 hryvnia – Prince Vladimir the Great;
• 2 hryvnia – Yaroslav the Wise;
• 5 hryvnia – Hetman Bohdan Khmelnitsky;
• 10 hryvnia – Hetman Ivan Mazepa;
• 20 hryvnia – Ivan Franko, writer, playwright, public figure;
• 50 hryvnia – Mikhail Grushevsky, head of the Ukrainian government, public figure;
• 100 hryvnia – Taras Shevchenko, poet, writer, artist, fighter for the rights of serfs;
• 200 hryvnia – Lesya Ukrainka, poetess, public figure;
• 500 hryvnia – Grigory Skovoroda, philosopher, writer, public figure.

Graphic representation of currency

The sign of a currency such as the hryvnia is a mirror image of the Latin letter “S”, which also serves as the basis for designating some currencies, for example, the dollar. In the middle it is crossed out by a pair of horizontal lines, which is also traditional in international currency designations.

The designation itself was approved by the NBU in March 2004, but was not widely used. For this reason, the hryvnia is most often denoted by a letter abbreviation.

The design of such symbols was chosen as a result of a competition. Today, this Unicode character has its own code - U+20B4, but is not supported in all versions of user Windows. The graphic currency symbol begins to appear on banknotes in 2006 in the form of light watermarks.

Realities of modern hryvnia (UAH)

Today, this currency is used less and less to preserve and increase savings, given the high level of real inflation this year. UAH may attract depositors from banking institutions with its high interest rate.

But for those who prefer to have confidence in the safety of their funds, deposits in foreign currencies, primarily in US dollars and euros, are more preferable.

Another thing is that currency exchangers and speculators can make extra money on the hryvnia exchange rate, but they always have more information than the average domestic consumer. At the same time, some private investors still try to predict the rates and fluctuations of a currency such as UAH.

However, for this it is necessary to operate with the structure and volumes of exports and imports, as well as their influence as components of the Ukrainian state budget.

. . Date of: September 2, 2014. Reading time 3 min.

Since 1996, on the territory of the sovereign state of Ukraine there has been a single currency - a monetary unit called the hryvnia. Hryvnia (or in Ukrainian pronunciation hryvnia) got its name from the Old Kiev currency unit, which was in use back in the 10th-12th centuries and was cast in gold or silver. Initially, the word “hryvnia” denoted a certain weight of an ingot of precious metal, and later the term denoted a monetary unit of weight.

There is an interesting fact, displayed in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia: it was the hryvnia (a metal ingot weighing 200 grams) that was cut in half and each resulting half was called a “ruble.”

The hryvnia was considered the national currency and was used on the territory of Ukraine also in the period from 1918 to 1924.

Convertibility

Let's consider the convertibility of the Ukrainian monetary unit and its relationship with the ruble and the US dollar.

At the current time, the exchange rate of the hryvnia to leading world currencies is:

That is, for 100 US dollars in banks and exchange offices they ask for about 1400 hryvnia, and at the National Bank of Ukraine 100 US dollars can be purchased for 1336 dollars. A similar picture of the difference between bank and official rates is observed in all popular currency exchanges.

It is noteworthy that for two years after its appearance, the hryvnia remained staunchly at around 2 UAH per 1 USD. The first significant fall of the hryvnia occurred during the economic crisis of 1998, when the rate dropped to 5.5 UAH per 1 USD.

In 2008, the National Bank of Ukraine changed the fixed exchange rate policy to a floating one, which led to an initial decrease in the rate to 4.95 UAH per 1 USD and a subsequent jump to 5.9 UAH per 1 USD.

Another round of the market crisis caused the dollar to rise to 7.9-8.3 UAH per 1 USD. This ratio was maintained for five years, until the political instability of 2014. At the beginning of this year, the hryvnia exchange rate rose above 12 UAH per 1 USD for the first time.

Banknote value

During the entire period of use of the hryvnia, three reissues of banknotes with a change in design were carried out: in 1992, in 1994 and in 2003. Banknotes from 2003 are still in use today:

Coins also used: 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 kopecks and 1 hryvnia:

The Russian ruble has finally acquired an official graphic symbol - now the national currency will be denoted by a crossed out letter “R”. About why currencies need special graphic signs and why most symbols of the world's monetary units contain horizontal "dashes" - in the material on the site.

Why do currencies need graphic symbols?

Not every currency in the world can boast of its own sign. Thus, Latvian lats, Swiss francs, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish crowns, Croatian kunas and many other currencies of the world do without special symbols. In total, according to the global Unicode standard (the standard for encoding characters and signs of written languages), at the moment only about thirty world currencies have officially registered graphic symbols. Among them there are also those that are no longer in use - for example, signs of the Italian lira (£), German mark (ℳ), and French franc (₣), which became obsolete after the introduction of the euro.

Meanwhile, it is hard not to admit that currencies that have their own graphic symbols are much more widespread than monetary units that do not have their own symbols. Thus, the dollar ($), pound (£), euro (€), and yen (¥) are undoubtedly not only the most popular, but also the strongest and most influential currencies in the world.

Approval of the ruble symbol

The introduction of the official symbol of the Russian ruble, according to the Bank of Russia, became the most important event in the country's economy. “Moscow lays claim to the status of an international financial center. An objective need has arisen to introduce a symbol of the national currency, recognized within the country and abroad,” said Elvira Nabiullina, Chairman of the Central Bank of Russia, on December 11, presenting the approved designation of the Russian currency.

The adoption of one sign as a designation of a monetary unit allows, in addition, to unify all variants of its previous spelling: thus, after the official approval of the ruble symbol, there will no longer be any doubt about how best to say about the ruble in writing - 100 rubles, 100 rubles. or 100 rub.

What do the symbols of different world currencies have in common?

Some of the graphic images of monetary units developed naturally, as a result of various historical events, and some were formed during the development of many options, as well as popular votes. So, it is impossible to present any special requirements for creating a symbol of a particular currency. However, the graphic image must be convenient and easy to write, otherwise it will be useless - after all, currency signs are introduced in order to become recognizable and replace the full names of currencies in writing.

Dollar, euro, pound, Japanese yen, Vietnamese dong, Israeli new shekel

Graphic symbols of almost all currencies in the world have horizontal “dashes” in their structure. This is not only the British pound sterling (£), the euro (€), the Ukrainian hryvnia (₴), the Japanese yen (¥), the Kazakh tenge (₸) and, finally, the symbol of the Russian ruble that has received official status. Thus, the symbols of the Indian rupee (₹), South Korean won (₩) and many other currencies of the world are also written using one or more horizontal stripes.

Such stripes on signs are a generally recognized symbol of the stability of the currency in whose writing they are present. That is why, as representatives of the Central Bank of Russia themselves stated, the line is also used in the symbol of the ruble.

From Russia with love

The approved symbol of the Russian ruble, which is a crossed out “R”, is not the first sign of the national currency, but it is the only one officially recognized. It should be added, however, that for a long time it was the most popular of the unofficial designations of the Russian currency.

During the time of the Russian Empire, there was a different way of writing the ruble: it was by combining the capital letters “r” and “u”. According to the most common version, the "p" was turned 90 degrees counterclockwise, and then the "y" was written on top of the letter. This designation of the ruble was indicated not after the numbers, as today, but above them. However, despite the attempts of some publishers, this ruble sign was not widely used in print.

Now the graphic symbol of the ruble has become - and is already completely legal - the crossed out letter "R". This sign was approved by the Central Bank of Russia on December 11. The selected symbol was recognized as the most popular based on the results of a vote that the Central Bank conducted on its website. A one-ruble coin with a new graphic sign of the national currency will appear in circulation in 2014.

Approved symbol of the ruble. Photo: cbr.ru

In early November, the Central Bank submitted the graphic symbol of the ruble for public discussion. The finalist signs were selected by a working group of the Bank of Russia from more than three thousand options. The crossed out “P” was supported by more than 61% of respondents during the voting.

Crossed out letters and more

Since horizontal stripes are a fairly popular “attribute” of currency symbols, it is not surprising that there are already a number of monetary units in the world, the signs of which are very similar to the new ruble designation. Thus, most countries where pesos are used to pay use the American dollar sign ($) or a similar one, only with two transverse stripes, to designate their currencies. But in the Philippines, the peso, meanwhile, is denoted by a different symbol - ₱, which is similar to the new designation of the Russian ruble.

Symbols of various currencies of the world: including the American dollar, Korean won, Netherlands Antilles guilder

The Nigerian naira is also crossed out - however, already with two stripes (₦). In addition, the Ukrainian hryvnia (₴) and the Laotian kip (₭) have similar designations - in the form of crossed out letters.

In the graphic designs of some national currencies, horizontal lines are present in a different way. Thus, the new Israeli shekel looks more like a beautiful rectangular pattern (₪), that of the country of Bangladesh - like a solid sign from the Russian alphabet (৳), and the guilder of the Netherlands Antilles - like a mathematical notation for a function (ƒ).

Where did the most famous currency symbols come from?

Today there is no single view on the origin of the $ sign, but it is quite possible that the American currency owes its characteristic design to the inhabitants of Foggy Albion. The fact is that the English king George III at one time ordered the use of Spanish reals, which were worth 1/8 of the English pound sterling. This money was called "piece of eight", which eventually became the abbreviated "peso". Soon they began to be used to pay with them in the North American colonies of England, where they also began to be called dollars.

The crossed out eight was wisely chosen as the written symbol for "piece of eight". However, soon this spelling turned out to be too long and inconvenient, as a result of which the symbol turned into a “truncated” eight - $.

According to the theory of American Patriots, $, however, originated differently: becoming a simplified combination of the letters "U" and "S" (the first letters of the name of the United States - US), superimposed on each other. Another version of the appearance of the American dollar symbol says that the “progenitors” of the $ sign were the Spaniards, who wrote down the peso currency by combining the letters “P” and “S”.

The Roots of Fancy Writing British pound are hidden in the Latin letter "L", supplemented horizontally with a line (or two lines) in the middle. “L” itself comes from the Latin word libra (libra, pound), which denoted the main measure of weight in Ancient Rome and England.

The pound - £ or ₤ - is used not only in the UK, but also in some other countries around the world.

The euro, as a young currency, received its sign as a result of an analysis of the public opinion of Europeans. It is believed that the authors of € were four experts, whose names for some reason it was decided not to disclose.

According to the European Commission, the graphic image of the euro carries the significance of European civilization (symbolized by the Greek letter “epsilon”), identity with Europe itself (the letter “E”) and stability (parallel lines crossing the letter).

From $ to €

The first use of a symbol of any (some) currency dates back to 1972. It may be necessary if, for example, the symbol of the required currency is not available in a computer font.

Designation of any currency

The sign of some currency is a circle from which, like the sun, four rays extend at an angle of 90 degrees relative to each other.

Anna Teplitskaya

Hryvnia sign

Currency Symbols

Symbol or hryvnia sign (₴ ) - typographic symbol, which is included in the group “Currency symbols” (eng. Currency Symbols) Unicode standard: original name - Hryvnia sign(English) ; code - U+20B4. Used to represent the national currency of Ukraine, the hryvnia.

Typeface

The symbol "₴" is a handwritten version of the lowercase Cyrillic letter " " with two parallel horizontal strokes symbolizing stability, as in other currency symbols, for example, in the symbol "¥ (yen)" and "€ (euro)". Derived from the name of the currency “hryvnia” in Ukrainian (Ukrainian hryvnia).

The symbol for the hryvnia is almost identical to the symbol for the ancient Roman unit of mass, half sextula (𐆔). Externally, the only difference is in the number of horizontal lines: the hryvnia sign has two, while the ancient Roman unit of weight has one.

Using names of monetary units as abbreviations

The "₴" sign was introduced as a symbol of the Ukrainian hryvnia on March 1, 2004. The design of the symbol was chosen during a competition held by the National Bank of Ukraine in 2003. The character was included in the Unicode standard version 4.1, published in 2005. It is present in Windows on the "Ukrainian Extended" keyboard layout starting with Vista. You can also type the hryvnia sign in iOS if you select “Ukraine” in the “Settings → General → Language and region → Region” setting.

The graphic symbol of the hryvnia is present in the form of a light watermark on banknotes in denominations of 1 and 500 hryvnia (banknotes of the 2006 model), as well as 200 hryvnia (2007 model).

The Ukrainian hryvnia has another commonly used abbreviation - “grn”, used in both Ukrainian and Russian languages. Abbreviations “gr.”, “grvn.” and "grv." are considered an error.

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Notes

	Portal "Numismatics and Bonistics"
	₴ on Wikimedia Commons
	Project "Graphemes"

Links

An excerpt characterizing the hryvnia symbol

The depot, the prisoners, and the marshal's convoy stopped in the village of Shamsheva. Everything huddled around the fires. Pierre went to the fire, ate the roasted horse meat, lay down with his back to the fire and immediately fell asleep. He slept again the same sleep that he slept in Mozhaisk after Borodin.