Mass of a cubic meter of crushed stone of different fractions. What is the volumetric weight of crushed stone of different fractions?

When performing many types of repair or construction work the use of crushed stone is required. To be able to use it for specific purposes, crushed stone is produced in different fractions. Small size material is used in decorative purposes, a large fraction is needed when constructing important heavy objects.

The average fractional size is 20-40. Crushed granite of this size is the most in demand. For its production, quartz diorite or granite is used.

Material composition

Granite is considered the hardest rock found on our planet. Due to their special strength, materials made from granite, including crushed stone, are used where objects under construction will be subject to heavy loads during operation. And since granite rock is widespread in almost all countries, the cost of materials made from it remains affordable and popular.

The color of the materials depends on what minerals granite contains, but it usually ranges from red to gray. When hit small quantity dark-colored minerals, the material may have a mottled appearance.

Material advantages

Fraction 20-40 - crushed granite stone, which is considered the best filler For construction industry. Thanks to its use, you can easily fill out necessary forms, saving, and quite significantly, expensive concrete mixtures. Since granite grains have a rough, crushed shape, excellent adhesion of the components occurs, which ensures excellent adhesion of the material.

When compared with fractions of other sizes, it is the medium grains that are produced at the lowest labor costs, which guarantees the most affordable cost of the material.

Properties

Performance indicators depend on the following properties:

1. Fraction 20-40 is granite crushed stone, which has the highest wear resistance and compression.
2. The material is able to withstand an infinite number of freezing/thawing without collapsing.
3. The presence of low flakiness. There are few grains in the total mass, which have needle-like and flat shapes, so crushed stone is easily compacted in bulk structures and mortars.
4. The density of granite crushed stone 20-40 depends on the rock from which it was made. For example, a cube of granite material weighs about 1370-1400 kg, limestone - 1280, gabbro-diabase - 1440 kg.
5. Slight porosity. The almost complete absence of pores contributes to high throughput and low moisture absorption coefficient.
6. Low radioactivity. This quality is very important because it allows the material to be used in the construction of residential, commercial, public and industrial buildings. This number also includes kindergartens, schools, and hospitals.

Compliance with GOST

For crushed granite 20-40 GOST number 8267-93 determines the following indicators:

• 5-23% flakiness;
• the composition should not contain more than 0.5% of grain 5 mm and more than 10% of fractions whose size is less than 20 mm.
• clay dust should not exceed 0.3%;
• 1000-1400 mark strength;
• weight of 1 m3 of granite crushed stone 20-40 - 1.35 tons;
• presence of lumps of clay - maximum 0.25%;
• the presence of particles of weak rocks - no more than 5%;
• volumetric mass size is about 2.7 g/cm 3 ;
• wear resistance - indicator I1.
• percentage of water absorption - maximum 0.4%.

In addition, the material must have the following properties:

1. The frost resistance index is F300.
2. The level of radioactivity should not exceed 370 bq/kg.

When determining product quality, assessment occurs based on these and other characteristics of crushed stone.

Scope of application

Crushed granite has chemical and physical properties that provide the material with excellent performance characteristics. The scope of its application is determined by the grain size.

Fraction 20-40 - crushed granite stone, which is used:

1. In concrete solutions.
2. During construction iron concrete structures.
3. During the laying of foundations.
4. As a bulk mass for the base of an asphalt road.
5. To strengthen or level roads.
6. When arranging parking lots.
7. For the production of temporary sites where construction equipment will be placed.
8. During the construction of tracks for tram transport.
9. To harden the surface under railway routes.

Purchase Features

This is not about the acquisition process itself, but about the choice of material. The most important thing is that the material meets all the declared characteristics, and this is only possible when it meets the requirements of GOST. But are the characteristics described in this state document really important? What happens if the crushed stone does not meet the above GOST requirements?

As practice confirms, any changes will lead to a deterioration in quality. For example, if there are more flat grains in the total mass than prescribed, the concrete obtained using them will be of lower quality, and the quantity concrete mixture will need to be increased, which leads to increased cash costs.

If crushed granite stone 20-40 weighs less (or more) than necessary, it means that it contains grains of other fractions. So, than more weight, the greater the number of small grains in the total mass and vice versa: large particles take up more space, so such crushed stone will weigh less.

Therefore, in order not to purchase a material that will not have the required characteristics, when purchasing, you must make sure that you have a certificate, a sanitary-epidemiological report, hygienic characteristics of the product and its passport.

What do we want to learn today? How much does 1 cube of crushed stone of fraction 5-20 weigh, the weight of 1 m3 of crushed stone of fraction 5-20? No problem, you can find out the number of kilograms or the number of tons at once, mass (weight of one cubic meter, weight of one cube, weight of one cubic meter, weight 1 m3) are indicated in Table 1. If anyone is interested, you can skim the small text below and read some explanations. How is the amount of substance, material, liquid or gas we need measured? Except for those cases when it is possible to reduce the calculation of the required quantity to the counting of goods, products, elements in pieces (piece counting), it is easiest for us to determine required quantity based on volume and weight (mass). In everyday life, the most common unit of volume measurement for us is 1 liter. However, the number of liters suitable for household calculations is not always an applicable method for determining the volume for economic activity. In addition, liters in our country have not become a generally accepted “production” and trade unit for measuring volume. One cubic meter, or in its abbreviated version - one cube, turned out to be quite convenient and popular for practical use unit of volume. We are accustomed to measuring almost all substances, liquids, materials and even gases in cubic meters. It's really convenient. After all, their costs, prices, rates, consumption rates, tariffs, supply contracts are almost always tied to cubic meters (cubes), and much less often to liters. No less important for practical activities it turns out to be knowledge not only of the volume, but also of the weight (mass) of the substance occupying this volume: in in this case we are talking about how much 1 cube weighs (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3). Knowing mass and volume gives us a fairly complete idea of ​​quantity. Site visitors, when asking how much 1 cube weighs, often indicate specific units of mass in which they would like to know the answer to the question. As we noticed, most often they want to know the weight of 1 cube (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3) in kilograms (kg) or tons (t). Essentially, you need kg/m3 or t/m3. These are closely related units that define quantity. In principle, a fairly simple independent conversion of weight (mass) from tons to kilograms and vice versa is possible: from kilograms to tons. However, as practice has shown, for most site visitors more convenient option It would be nice to immediately know how much kilogram 1 cubic (1 m3) of crushed stone of fraction 5-20 weighs or how many tons 1 cubic (1 m3) of crushed stone of fraction 5-20 weighs, without converting kilograms into tons or vice versa - the number of tons into kilograms per cubic meter (one cubic meter, one cubic meter, one m3). Therefore, in Table 1 we indicated how much 1 cubic meter (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter) weighs in kilograms (kg) and tons (t). Choose the table column that you need yourself. By the way, when we ask how much 1 cubic meter (1 m3) weighs, we mean the number of kilograms or the number of tons. However, from a physical point of view, we are interested in density or specific gravity. The mass of a unit volume or the amount of substance contained in a unit volume is bulk density or specific gravity. In this case, the bulk density and specific gravity of crushed stone of fraction 5-20. Density and specific gravity in physics are usually measured not in kg/m3 or tons/m3, but in grams per cubic centimeter: g/cm3. Therefore, in Table 1, specific gravity and density (synonyms) are indicated in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)

How to convert a cube of crushed stone into tons? Most often, when purchasing this important building material, this question is asked by inexperienced builders. Yes, and experienced developers will find it interesting and important to know how much volume a ton of crushed stone occupies in order to competently and timely organize the delivery of material to the site under construction. This is necessary, first of all, to compile construction estimates and calculation of the carrying capacity of vehicles, as well as the required number of them. Knowing the weight of crushed stone, it is impossible to prevent overloading of transport.

Bulk materials weight and volume calculator

Material:

Alluvial sand Sea sand Quarry sand Crushed stone gr 5 – 20 Crushed stone gr 20 – 40 Crushed stone gr 5-10 Crushed stone gr 40 – 70 Crushed stone gr 25-60 Expanded clay 0-10 Expanded clay 10-20 Expanded clay 20-40 Crushed limestone ASG

weight, tons volume, m3

The calculator calculates the approximate ratio of weight and volume when loading materials in bulk (bulk density).

Why is the sales unit 1 cube of crushed stone?

When selling the most common bulk material the unit of measurement is 1 m3 crushed stone, not a ton. Because its density is not a constant value. It has long been sold by the cubic meter, so that it would be impossible to weigh it down on buyers. And methods of deception in such cases would be sufficient: moisten the material and 1 ton of crushed stone will become heavier by approximately 100 kg, or sell heavy granite crushed stone to customers instead of its lighter types.

About the bulk density of crushed stone materials

To calculate weight crushed stone in a cube need to know it bulk density. It is equal to the ratio of the volume of this material to its weight, including voids. Without taking into account voids, the density of granite crushed stone is about 2550 kg/m 3. It has been proven in the laboratory that voids occupy 40-45% of the bulk volume of the material. Therefore, coarse crushed stone with large voids has a density of 1200-1400 kg/m 3. As the fraction size decreases, the density value increases.

Bulk crushed stone density depends:

• From the original rock of the material (granite, sandstone, limestone, etc.).
• From water absorption (porosity).
• From flakiness (shape of planes: from needle-shaped to cuboid).
• From the faction.

Average bulk density values ​​for various types non-metallic materials were determined experimentally and tabulated.

How much crushed stone is in a cube? Basics of recalculation and example

So, how much does 1 cube of crushed stone weigh? We will use the accurate information about materials reflected in GOST. There are several ways to convert crushed stone cubes into tons, but most often they operate with the bulk density and purchased volume indicated in the accompanying documentation. Based on this, we can determine how many tons are in a cube of crushed stone :

• granite – 1.47t;
• marble – 1.5t;
• waste heap – 1.15t;
• tuff – 0.8t.

It is not difficult to do reverse calculations - how many tons are in a cube of crushed stone of the purchased fraction. In this case, the weight of the material must be divided by the bulk density. For example, for granite crushed stone: 1000 kg: 1470 km/m 3 = 0.68 m 3. (calculation error – up to 5%).

It will be interesting to find out how much crushed stone KAMAZ in cubic meters can deliver to a construction site. So, for a car with a carrying capacity of 15 tons, the volume of crushed stone will be as follows: 15 tons: 1.47 t/m 3 = 10.2 m 3.

Enough simple calculations allow us to determine exact weight purchased crushed stone materials. And customers will be able to pay their suppliers for their actual quantity.

Crushed stone is obtained by crushing rocks followed by sifting. Such crushed stone - important element construction. The quality of any concrete produced depends on technical characteristics crushed stone used. Its main indicator is specific gravity, which determines the ratio of the mass of the raw material to the volume it fills.

This parameter is taken into account when calculating the amount of material used in construction. Bulk density is also determined - the mass in its natural uncompacted state. It is characterized by both the volume of individual crushed stones and the space between them and is used when calculating the composition of the concrete mixture. The more air, the lower the density. Having a rough surface, crushed stone adheres very tightly to a solution of cement and sand, forming a monolithic composition. Thanks to this indicator, the stone small sizes is an excellent filler.

Specific gravity (SG) depends on density and fractions. The larger the stones, the stronger the solution will be. When producing concrete, fractions of various shapes and sizes are needed because the purpose building mixtures may vary: manufacturing reinforced concrete products and floors, installation of foundations for buildings and structures, volumetric structures. When mixing the mortar, you need to know that the higher the bulk density value, the less cement consumption will be.

In addition, the weight of crushed stone depends on storage conditions. Each rock has its own porosity and water absorption; therefore, if there are few pores in the stone, the less water it absorbs and, therefore, the less susceptible to subsidence. The HC value must be taken into account when transporting building materials. Knowing the volumetric and specific gravity of crushed stone, you can calculate the amount of transport required and its carrying capacity.

Characteristics and performance properties of crushed limestone

Crushed stone obtained from rocks that contain calcium carbonate is considered the highest quality and most expensive, and various impurities reduce its hardness. Possessing high resistance to temperature changes and having sufficient strength and frost resistance, it is environmentally friendly pure material. If the percentage of impurities included in the composition is relatively small, the color of the crushed stone will be reddish, yellow or brown.

The flakiness of crushed stone (the presence of lamellar and needle-shaped forms) is no more than 10-15%, which is good indicator her performance characteristics. This means that there are very few voids in the mixture, so the amount of binder used will be significantly less.

When determining the specific gravity of crushed limestone, you need to know that this is a volumetric mass of 1 m3. This parameter takes into account the density of solid grains and air contained in the composition. GOST 8267-93 “Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction work” regulates the main characteristics of this type of crushed stone:

Crushed limestone is produced in three fractions:

• Fraction 5-20 mm – fine grinding is used in the production of lime, small reinforced concrete structures, road surface with minor throughput, construction mixtures, building cladding;
• 20-40 mm – medium crushing, used more often than other fractions. Found application in pouring foundations, manufacturing reinforced concrete products, roads with heavy traffic flow;
• 40-70 mm - a large fraction is used very rarely. Ballast layer and gravel beds are the main area of ​​use.

Main characteristics and properties of granite crushed stone

This crushed stone is very durable and a frequently used building material. It is obtained by crushing rocks. It is assessed by the quality of its fractions; the larger it is, the cheaper the crushed stone itself. Important characteristic is the specific gravity of granite crushed stone. To do preliminary calculations quantities required material for production, it is better to take the weight of gravel in a dry state; it is also called bulk mass. The average weight of a cubic meter of crushed stone is 1.6 tons.

The presence of needle-shaped and flat particles reduces the compaction density, which leads to a decrease in hardness road surfaces and concrete structures. Therefore, the lower the flakiness, the higher the quality of the material, the lower the consumption of cement or other binding component will be. For this type of crushed stone it is 5-23%, depending on the size of the fraction.

• The 5-20 mm fraction is the most popular type and the highest price. They are used in the manufacture of industrial concrete, road surfaces and industrial complex areas.
• 20-40 mm – ideal for creating highways, construction of embankments for railway tracks, tram lines, in the production of reinforced concrete products, construction of buildings and structures for various purposes.
• Crushed stone of fraction 40-70 mm is a frequently used gravel with a low price. It is used as a semi-finished product for the production of crushed stone with a finer composition.

The table shows HC data (t/m3) for two main types of crushed stone by fraction:

Dolomite crushed stone, like granite, has high strength, frost resistance and a low degree of moisture absorption. When calculating specific gravity, it should be remembered that this characteristic refers to its volumetric mass or weight of 1 m3.

Due to its low radioactivity, it is used not only for pouring foundations and other external works, and for interior decoration buildings, lime production and landscape design. Various impurities contained in dolomite crushed stone give gravel various colors, which is especially appreciated during facing work. It is resistant to temperature changes, impact-resistant and environmentally friendly. The density coefficient is lower than that of granite and its consumption during use is less. Rough edges and increased binding properties increase the adhesion of pebbles. Composition by size in mm: 5-10; 10-20; 20-40; 40-70. The average fraction of dolomite has high performance, therefore it is more often used for the production of asphalt and concrete of improved quality.

When choosing building materials It is very important to avoid both extremes - large balances in warehouses and, naturally, shortages of material at the most crucial moment. At the same time, very often the calculation of the required quantity can be very approximate, based on average data.

So, for example, knowing how much crushed stone in a cube of concrete is needed for its production, you need to order a certain number of tons of this material. But crushed stone is sold in cubic meters and you are faced with the task of determining how many tons of crushed stone are in 1 m3 of purchased material.

A rough estimate can be made based on the tables. Table 1 shows the bulk density of granite crushed stone of various fractions.

Table 1

Table 2 shows the density of limestone crushed stone of various fractions.

table 2

These are averaged data, but the weight of 1 m3 of crushed stone can be more accurately determined taking into account its properties.

Characteristics of crushed stone affecting its bulk density

The technology for the production of crushed stone, which is the crushing of rocks, causes its heterogeneous structure. The main factors determining the specific gravity of crushed stone are:

• source rock (granite, limestone)
• water absorption;
• flakiness;
• crushed stone fraction;

The breed factor is easy to track using the tables above. Thus, limestone crushed stone of fraction 20 40 has a density of 1.31 t/m3, and granite crushed stone of the same fraction has a density of 1.37 t/m3. The flakiness of the crushed stone also plays an important role. The needle and plate shapes imply a larger number of voids and, accordingly, lower density. The cuboid shape indicates more high density. The scope of its application also depends on the density of the material. Hollow crushed stone is suitable for creating a cushion, while material with a flakiness of less than 15% is advisable to use for dense backfill.

Water absorption (the amount of moisture absorbed by a material) directly affects mass. Depending on the porosity, the error can reach 10%, introducing errors into the measurements. And the last factor is the fraction of the material. How smaller size grains, the higher the specific gravity of crushed stone.

Determine how many tons of crushed stone are in a cube of concrete

It is possible to determine exactly how much crushed stone in a cube of concrete only if you have documentation for the material containing accurate information. The recalculation process itself consists of multiplying the density of the material (granite, limestone) by the fill level. So, with crushed stone filling of 56% and granite density of 2600 kg/cub.m. we get:

2600*0.56=1456 kg/cubic. m. or 1.45 tons per cubic meter.

There is no problem with reverse calculation when it is necessary to determine how many cubes are in a ton of crushed stone. In the above case, 1/1.45 = 0.68 m3.

As mentioned above, the bulk density of crushed stone indicated in the tables represents an average value. Therefore, having previously determined from the table how many tons of crushed stone are in 1 m3, use the following tips:

• Do not rush to order the exact amount of material. Flakiness, fractionation and water absorption can change the weight by 5-10%. Crushed stone is purchased, as a rule, with a reserve of 10 - 20% of the required quantity.
• If the demand for material is large, it is best to order in two or more stages. This will allow you to minimize leftovers and accurately calculate the required amount depending on practical consumption indicators.
• When ordering and transporting by road, you should assume that on average a MAZ dump truck can hold 6 m3 of crushed stone, and a KamAZ dump truck can hold 12 m3 of this bulk material.

In general, wholesale purchases of building materials, including crushed stone, are more profitable and safer to make from large suppliers, ideally from manufacturers of this material. This way you can be confident in the quality, the possibility of rhythmic delivery in the volumes you require and, most importantly, the availability of certificates and accompanying documentation.