История баскетбола на английском языке. Мой любимый спорт - баскетбол. Это

History of Basketball

Introduction

Basketball is an extremely popular all around the world. The object is to put a ball through a hoop, or basket, and thus score more points than the opposing team. Teams comprise of ten players, with a maximum of five on court at any one time. Substitutions are unlimited during the course of the game. Although basketball can be played outdoors, it was invented to serve as an exciting indoor exercise for the winter months in a northern climate. It quickly became a spectator sport, however, and now attracts large audiences to gymnasiums and arenas, especially in the United States, South America, and Europe.

The sport is played on the amateur level by schools, colleges, other groups, and, since 1936 by national teams in the Olympic Games. It also is played by professional athletes, notably in the United States and Europe.

The foremost American championships contended for are those of the National Basketball Association (NBA) for professionals, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for colleges. Britain has National Associations for each country and the English Basketball Association (EBBA) runs amateur national competitions, the National Basketball League (NBL) is run by Basketball League Ltd for professionals. International competion is organised by the Federation of International Basketball (FIBA).

The Early Days.

It all started with two peach baskets in a YMCA in Massachusetts.
In 1891 James A Naismith (1861-1939), a leader of the Springfield YMCA, was thinking about ways of providing exercise for the young men in his care. As a physical education instructor he taught gymnastics, however he was looking for something new. He had the idea of nailing peach baskets onto the balconies as goals, at either end of the gymnasium and throwing a soccer ball into it from below.
So a National and International game was born.

In 1892 he published the first booklet containing the basic rules, almost unchanged today (although expanded upon considerably!). These rules were adopted by the YMCA and the Amateur Athletic Union.
Word spread quickly amongst YMCA"s in the Eastern United States about this new game. It took off so rapidly that the first intercollegiate game was played in 1897, and the first professional league in the following year. The Eastern Intercollegiate League was formed shortly afterwards, in 1902. Women also took up the game before 1900.

The growing popularity of basketball resulted in improvements in equipment and skills. The metal hoop was introduced in 1893, and backboards in 1895. The soccer ball was replaced by the first basketball. As playing skills also became more sophisticated, the game attracted more and more spectators.
Until the late 1930s, scores were low, sometimes in single digits. After each score, opposing centers (one of the five positions, the others being two guards and two forwards) lined up in the middle of the court and jumped for the ball. Then the team that got the ball would pass or dribble until a player was about 3 m (10 ft) from the basket before trying a shot. The slow pace did not inhibit the growth of the game, however. By the 1920s, basketball was being played all over the United States, and tournaments were being conducted in high school and college gymnasiums. Most states held high school championships for boys.

The Rise of the Modern Game

Several events in the 1930s spurred the growth of the game as a spectator sport and at the same time made basketball more exciting for the players. The first of these came in the 1932-33 season (basketball seasons tend to run from Autumn through to Spring) rules designed to speed up play were adopted. It became mandatory, under penalty of losing possession, to move the ball past midcourt in less than ten seconds. In addition, no player was permitted to remain within the foul lanes for more than three seconds. Then in 1934 a New York sportswriter, Ned Irish, persuaded the promoters at New York"s Madison Square Garden, a large arena, to schedule doubleheaders between college teams. These events proved successful, and similar promotions followed in other cities. Before long, colleges began building their own arenas for basketball.

Another significant advance occurred in 1936, when a Stanford University team traveled from California to a Madison Square Garden promotion to challenge the eastern powers in the "cradle of basketball." Opponents and fans were stunned by the Stanford style of shooting--one-handed while jumping, which contrasted to the prevalent method of taking two-handed shots while standing still. One Stanford player, Hank Luisetti, was so adept at the "jump shot" that he could outscore an entire opposing team. The new style gained universal acceptance, and basketball scores rose remarkably.

In the 1937-38 season the center jump following each field goal was eliminated. At the end of the next season, Madison Square Garden brought in college teams from around the nation for the National Invitation Tournament (NIT), a postseason playoff that was adopted (1939) on a wider scale by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Although the NIT is still held annually, the NCAA tournament serves as the official intercollegiate championship.

The University of Kentucky (coached, 1930-72, by Adolph Rupp), St. John"s (in New York), the University of North Carolina, Western Kentucky, Kansas University, and Indiana University have been among the leading college basketball teams for years. From 1964 to 1975 the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), coached by John Wooden and led by the centers Lew Alcindor and Bill Walton, dominated the intercollegiate play-offs, winning the title an unprecedented 10 times in 12 years. The 1,250 college teams in the United States now draw about 30 million spectators per season.
Although women have played the game since the 1890s, and even though a few states (Iowa, for instance) have shown great participatory and spectator interest in secondary-school women"s basketball for some decades, significant growth and serious recognition of women"s basketball in the United States and elsewhere did not occur until the 1970s. Almost all U.S. states now hold girls" high school tournaments, and basketball is the fastest-growing women"s intercollegiate sport.

Professional Basketball

From 1898 on, many attempts were made to establish professional basketball as a spectator sport-but success did not come until 1946. The best of the early efforts was made by the Harlem Globetrotters, an all-black team that toured first only the United States and then internationally to play local professional or semi-professional teams. The Globetrotters, founded in 1926, were not affiliated with a league. Their style was and is often showy because, at least into the early 1950s, they could dominate all opponents.
In 1946 serious professional basketball had acquired a following among American sports fans, who wanted to see the former collegians in action. That year the Basketball Association of America, with teams from the United States and one from Toronto, began competing in large arenas in the major cities. Another professional league, the National Basketball League, was already in existence, with many franchises in medium-sized midwestern cities. The two leagues merged in 1949 as the National Basketball Association (NBA) and pared away the weaker franchises.

Modern Times

With the signing of the country"s best collegians through what was called a player draft, the NBA could display both talent and balance. The NBA"s greatest spurt of growth occurred in the 1960s and "70s. Although the Boston Celtics, led by Bill Russel, Bob Cousy, and John Havlicek and coached by Red Auerbach, won 11 of 13 NBA titles beginning in 1957, fans also closely followed such stars as Philadelphia"s Wilt Chamberlain, Cincinnati"s Oscar Robertson, and Los Angeles"s Jerry West and Elgin Baylor. The NBA of the 1970s and 1980s exhibited a welcome balance of power: from 1970 until 1988 no team won consecutive NBA titles, though the New York Knicks (with Willis Reed, Walt Frazier, and Bill Bradley) won twice; the Boston Celtics, 5 times (3 with Larry Bird); and the Los Angeles Lakers, 6 times (5 with Magic Johnson).

In the 1970s the NBA expanded from 9 teams to 22. Some of the new franchises were acquired when the American Basketball Association (1968-76) merged with the NBA. Also, a Dallas franchise was added in 1980; Charlotte, Carolina, and Miami, in 1988; and Minnesota and Orlando, in 1989.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s several women"s professional leagues were begun; all of them failed financially. Women in the USA are currently under the WNBA.

The NBA today enjoys a massive worldwide following, and European basketball is fast emerging. to challenge the domination of the Americans. Watch this space...!

I am going to tell you about one of the most popular games. It is basketball.

The game of basketball has evolved a great deal throughout the years. Basketball was invented on December 21,1891. The inventor of the game was a Canadian clergyman, James Naismith.

The game of basketball was fashioned from fragments of other games, seeking to eliminate flaws of rugby, soccer.

Basketball was first played in the United States. In fact, the first game was played at one training school, now called Springfield College.

Basketball is a simple game. The equipment used in the game is also very simple. In addition to the field itself, all that is needed for a game is a ball. The very first ball that was used was a soccer ball until 1894 when an actual «basketball» was invented. The basketball ball was slightly smaller, about 30 inches in diameter. The first baskets that were used, were two peach baskets hung from the balcony of the gymnasium.

In 1893, the backboard was invented. The first backboard was constructed out of wire mesh, then wood and now it is made out of glass so the backboard does not interfere with the viewing of the game. Around that time, there was no name for this game.

By 1906, the peach baskets were replaced by metal baskets with holes in the bottom. This was better than in the early days, when a ladder was used to climb and fetch the ball out of the basket. Finally, in 1913 a hoop with a net was invented. In my opinion, the invention of the hoop and net was a major step in the developing of the game of basketball. Due to the free falling ball, the game"s tempo increased, which allowed the game of basketball to develop even more.

In 1921, one man named the game «basketball» and it has been called basketball ever since.

In the very beginning Naismith introduced thirteen original rules for the game of basketball, in which 12 out of the 13 original rules were still used up to 1934. The only rule, which changed, was that a player was now allowed to dribble a basketball. The rule of dribbling the basketball was first used in 1896 at a basketball game at Yale University. With the introduction of the 13 original rules, Naismith created four fundamental principals, which stayed in the game from 1891to 1937. These four fundamental principals stated, players with the ball must not make progress, the goal is above the head of the players, roughness is eliminated and a player may not receive the ball by use of contact.

Through the years of 1891 to the 1940"s there were many rule changes as well as addition of rules to the game of basketball. By 1898, basketball leagues were starting to form in the United States. In 1898, professional basketball was being played. The league was called the National Basketball League (NBL). The National Basketball League was made up of four teams like New York, Philadelphia, Brooklyn and New Jersey.

By 1932 basketball was officially gaining international status with the founding of the International Amateur Basketball Federation in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1946, the Basketball Association of America was formed but it did not go far well because it was competing against the National Basketball League. But in 1949, the Basketball Association of America and the National Basketball League joined together.

They changed their name to the National Basketball Association (NBA). Throughout the formation of the league there were many rules that were added to the game of basketball In 1930"s, Kenny Sailor invented the jump shot. Also in the 1940"s, Bob Kurland used block- shots. In 1952 the foul lane was widened and the three-second rule was put into affect, so centres could not station themselves in front of the basket all the time. During the 1950"s the National Basketball Association was on the rise. During the 1970"s and 198G"s the expansion of the NBA had gone wild. In the mid 1980"s and early 1990"s Michael Jordan, who was one of the greatest players in NBA history, dominated the game and took it to a wholly new level.

At this time, basketball was increasing in popularity. Nowadays it is played by 176 nations.

Перевод текста: The History of Basketball - История баскетбола

Я собираюсь рассказать вам об одной очень популярной игре. Это — баскетбол.

Игра баскетбол развивалась в течение многих лет. Баскетбол был изобретен 21 декабря 1891 года. Изобретателем игры был канадский священнослужитель Джеймс Найсмит.

Игра баскетбол была создана из фрагментов других игр, с целью устранения недостатков регби, футбола.

Впервые в баскетбол сыграли в Соединенных Штатах в одной из спортивных школ, которая теперь называется Спрингфилдский колледж.

Баскетбол — это простая игра. Снаряжение, используемое в баскетболе, также очень простое. В дополнение к самому полю все, что необходимо для игры, — это мяч. До 1894 года, когда и был изобретен баскетбольный мяч, в игре использовался футбольный мяч. Баскетбольный мяч был немного меньше, приблизительно 30 дюймов в диаметре. Первые корзины, которые использовались в то время, были размером с две корзины из под персиков, которые подвешивались на балкон гимнастического зала.

В1893 году был изобретен баскетбольный щит. Первый баскетбольный щит был построен из проволочной сетки,
позже — из дерева, а теперь он сделан из стекла, так что его задняя часть не мешает смотреть игру. В то время для этой игры не было никакого названия.

К 1906 году корзины из под персиков были заменены металлическими корзинами с отверстиями в основании. Это улучшило игру, тогда как раньше приходилось использовать лестницу, чтобы подняться и вынуть мяч из корзины. Наконец, в 1913 году был изобретен обруч с сеткой. По моему мнению, изобретение обруча и сетки было решающим шагом в развитии игры баскетбол. Из-за свободного выпадения мяча темп игры увеличился, что позволило баскетболу развиваться еще быстрее.

В 1921 году один человек назвал игру «баскетболом», и с тех пор игра стала называться баскетболом.

В самом начале Нейсмит ввел 13 базовых правил для игры в баскетбол, двенадцать из которых так и использовались вплоть до 1934 года. Единственное правило, которое изменилось, состояло в том, что теперь игроку позволялось вести баскетбольный мяч. Правило ведения баскетбольного мяча впервые было использовано в 1896 году в Йельском университете. С введением 13 первоначальных правил, Нейсмит создал четыре фундаментальных принципа игры, которые использовались в игре с 1891 по 1937 год. Эти четыре фундаментальных принципа гласили, что игроки, остановившиеся с мячом, не должны двигаться дальше; цель находится выше голов игроков; грубость не применима и игрок не может получить мяч при помощи силового контакта.

С 1891 года до сороковых годов двадцатого столетия было сделано множество изменений в правилах, в игру были введены дополнительные правила. К 1898 году в Соединенных Штатах начали формироваться баскетбольные лиги. В1898 начали играть в профессиональный баскетбол. Лига получила название Национальной лиги баскетбола (NBL). Национальная лига баскетбола состояла из четырех команд: команды Нью-Йорка, Филадельфии, Бруклина и Нью-Джерси.

К1932 году, с основанием Международной любительской федерации баскетбола в Женеве, Швейцария; баскетбол официально получил международный статус. В1946 году была сформирована Американская ассоциация баскетбола, но из этого ничего хорошего не получилось, потому что она составляла конкуренцию Национальной лиге баскетбола. Но в 1949 году Американская ассоциация баскетбола и Национальная лига баскетбола объединились.

Они сменили свое название на Национальную ассоциацию баскетбола (NBA). За все время становления баскетбола в игру было добавлено много новых правил» В 1930-х годах Кении Сей лор изобрел бросок в прыжке; В 1940-х Боб Курланд использовал блок-шоты. В1952 году была расширена штрафная зона и введено правило трехсекундной зоны, так что центровые не могли находиться перед корзиной продолжительное время. В течение 1950-х годов Национальная ассоциация баскетбола процветала. В течение 1970-х и 1980-х расширение NBA стало неимоверно стремительным. В середине 1980-х и в начале 1990-х Майкл Джордан стал одним из величайших игроков в истории NBA, непревзойденным королем игры и поднял игру до совершенно другого уровня.

To many, basketball is a very fun, exciting and thrilling sport. Some people love playing it, watching it and even dreaming about it. But not everybody enjoys writing about this game. If you don"t know what "dribble" or "slam-dunk" means then you are one of those people who never got interested in the game or didn"t get the opportunity to see it. This leaves you clueless about the game. Although you might be able to understand the basics of basketball such as that the player scores when he or she throws the ball inside the basket, but the rules and basketball terminologies might be confusing for you.

Writing a basketball essay isn"t complicated given that you have the right information and material to work with. So where do you start? First you can choose the right subtopic that suits your paper, basketball has a wide range of options such as the rules of basketball, the importance of basketball, why basketball is/isn"t your favorite sport, etc.. Below we have a list of basketball related ideas to help you select the right topic for your writing assignment.

Basketball Essay Writing Help

Introduction to Writing an Essay about Basketball
It is always difficult to write about something that we don"t know about. After all, the famous writer Mark Twain has said, "write what you know". If only your teacher was more understanding about what Mark Twain has said because recently your teacher assigned you to write a basketball essay. So now you are going out of your mind trying to think of someone who can teach you something about the game because an essay requires in depth knowledge and lots of words. Sometimes the internet is no help because you are unable to understand the material you went through online since it contains basketball terminologies.

That"s why we"re here to help, browse our list of example basketball essays below:

Basketball Essay Examples

Words: 930 Pages: 3 Paragraphs: 7 Sentences: 54 Read Time: 03:22

Basketball is among the world"s popular sports (Ramen 3). Basketball refers to a sport played by two teams whose main goal is to shoot the ball through the rim placed horizontally while following to a set of rules. The teams comprise of five players and it is played on a marked rectangular court having two baskets on all width ends. The regulation basketball hoop comprises of a rim or basket attac

Class 9 (High School)

Words: 703 Pages: 3 Paragraphs: 4 Sentences: 41 Read Time: 02:33

The sport of basketball is known as a fun past time for any person young or old. Basketball is a great way of exercise and a great way to have fun with friends and possibly make some new ones. I love to watch and play the game, basketball is a very entertaining sport and can be played by anyone. Basketball has many negative and positive things about it based on my opinion. Basketball is known as a

Class 7 (Middle School)

Words: 480 Pages: 2 Paragraphs: 4 Sentences: 37 Read Time: 01:44

Everyone who plays basketball knows it"s more than just a sport, more than just a hobby and more than just a passion that people have. All types of people enjoy the game because of how it makes them feel and the joy associated with playing. Bleeding, sweating and getting hurt are just the little things that someone learns while playing the game. The philosophy and emotions associated with the game

Class 7 (Middle School)

Words: 478 Pages: 2 Paragraphs: 12 Sentences: 28 Read Time: 01:44 Basketball is a team sport which has immense popularity and played with the help of a ball that is shot into a basket positioned horizontally. The objective to shoot the ball is scores which are gained by following certain rules of the game. The game is played by 2 teams constituting 5 players each who play on a marked rectangular floor with baskets on both ends. The game of basketball wa

Basketball is a team sport which has immense popularity and played with the help of a ball that is shot into a basket positioned horizontally.

The objective to shoot the ball is scores which are gained by following certain rules of the game.

The game is played by 2 teams constituting 5 players each who play on a marked rectangular floor with baskets on both ends.

The game of basketball wa

Class 9 (High School)

Words: 623 Pages: 2 Paragraphs: 6 Sentences: 35 Read Time: 02:15

Players are paid millions in the NBA. (Coach K Says Turning Pro Early Hurts in Many Ways). College basketball players dream of making millions in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Too many college basketball players come into college programs, build up their skills, and leave for the NBA to chase the money. A question comes to mind when we think of basketball. Do college basketball player

Class 8 (Middle School)

Words: 1453 Pages: 5 Paragraphs: 14 Sentences: 77 Read Time: 05:17

Basketball is an athletic sport, usually played on an indoor court in which two competing teams of five players each attempt to score by throwing an inflated ball so that it descends through one of two baskets suspended, at each end of the court, above their heads. The team scoring the most such throws, through field goals or foul shots, wins the game. Because of its continuous action and frequent

Class 10 (High School)

Words: 1150 Pages: 4 Paragraphs: 9 Sentences: 75 Read Time: 04:10 NBA basketball is an exciting sport. The NBA features such star players as, Michael Jordan, Allen Iverson, Keith Vanhorn, and John Stockton. You could ramble on all day about Pro basketball. And two big questions always come up when talking about pro basketball. Why are 2/3 of the NBA players black? And do black and white players have two different techniques for playing the game of basketball?

NBA basketball is an exciting sport. The NBA features such star players as, Michael Jordan, Allen Iverson, Keith Vanhorn, and John Stockton. You could ramble on all day about Pro basketball. And two big questions always come up when talking about pro basketball. Why are 2/3 of the NBA players black? And do black and white players have two different techniques for playing the game of basketball?

Class 7 (Middle School)

Words: 571 Pages: 2 Paragraphs: 6 Sentences: 39 Read Time: 02:04

Tracy Lamar McGrady, also known by the nickname "T-Mac," was born on May 24, 1979, to Melanise Williford. He was born in Bartow, Florida, but was raised in Aburndale, Florida, halfway between Orlando and Tampa. He was not always a basketball hero. He was often called a two-sport star. His first love was baseball and he had dreams playing in Major League Baseball. His coaches at Aburndale thought t

Class 7 (Middle School)

Words: 630 Pages: 2 Paragraphs: 6 Sentences: 47 Read Time: 02:17

Yes! Yes! Yes! We won! We won against the second best team in the league. Now we just have to beat the first place team. This team was the hardest to beat. At the beginning of the basketball competition we had versus them and we lost badly by 30 points. They had good players but didn"t have teamwork which was an advantage for us. Beating will be amazing for us because we could show them that we ar

Class 3 (For Kids)

Words: 354 Pages: 1 Paragraphs: 5 Sentences: 29 Read Time: 01:17 Basketball is everything to me. I look forward to it all year. Even though other sports interest me, nothing comes close to basketball. It may cut into my social life, but it doesn"t change the way I love the game. I play basketball pretty much every day and I never get tired of it. You could say it"s my passion. Even though I"ve really only played for 5 years I feel like I"ve played my whol

Basketball is everything to me. I look forward to it all year. Even though other sports interest me, nothing comes close to basketball. It may cut into my social life, but it doesn"t change the way I love the game. I play basketball pretty much every day and I never get tired of it. You could say it"s my passion.

Even though I"ve really only played for 5 years I feel like I"ve played my whol

Уровень В.Прочее.

About Basketball

Nowadays sport is very important in our life. Many people are going in for sport. And all of them choose some sports to their liking.As for me, I am going in for basketball. It is a very interesting game, and I would like to tell you about it.

In conclusion, I would like to stress that basketball is a very interesting game. There are many people playing basketball around the world. Go in for sport, keep fit!

В настоящее время спорт очень важен в нашей жизни. Многие люди занимаются спортом. И все они выбирают некоторые виды спорта для себя. Что касается меня, я занимаюсь баскетболом. Это очень интересная игра, и я хотел бы рассказать вам о ней.

Мой любимый вид спорта — баскетбол. Мне нравятся и другие виды спорта, но без баскетбола я просто не смогу прожить. Я играю, и, конечно же, я заражаюсь игрой, когда я могу. Баскетбол развивает лучшие спортивные и психологические навыки: реакцию, скорость, координацию и умение играть в команде. Баскетбол — это не только мой любимый вид спорта. Это моя любимая игра и хобби. Я занимаюсь баскетболом в течение 7 лет. Я очень люблю эту игру. Наш город имеет свою баскетбольную команду. Я играю за неё. Мы выиграли шесть чемпионатов. В этом сезоне мы также играем на победу, и сейчас мы первые. Мы выиграли чемпионат Московской области в прошлом сезоне, и мы собираемся повторить наш результат. Многие люди любят смотреть баскетбольные матчи. Я также люблю смотреть баскетбол по телевизору и в Интернете. Моя любимая баскетбольная команда это Лос-Анджелес Лейкерс. В этой команде есть лучшие игроки НБА, такие как Коби Брайант и Дуайт Ховард. Но есть много других хороших команд в Европе, такие как ЦСКА, Барселона, и другие. Итак, вы видите, баскетбол международная игра.

В заключение я хотел бы подчеркнуть, что баскетбол очень интересная игра. Есть много людей, играют в баскетбол во всем мире. Занимайтесь спортом, поддерживать себя в форме!