Northern ireland топик. Северная Ирландия; Northern Ireland — Топик по английскому языку. Интересные факты про Ирландию на английском языке

Northern Ireland, integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, situated in the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland is bounded on the north and northeast by the North Channel, on the southeast by the Irish Sea, and on the south and west by the Republic of Ireland. It includes Rathlin Island in the North Channel and several smaller offshore islands. Northern Ireland is also known as Ulster, because it comprises six of the nine counties that constituted the former province of Ulster.

Land. The total area of Northern Ireland is 14,148 sq km (5463 sq mi). Northern Ireland has an extreme northern to southern extension of about 135 km (about 85 mi) and an extreme eastern to western extension of about 175 km (about 110 mi). The shoreline is characterized by numerous irregularities and is about 530 km (about 330 mi) long. The major indentations are Lough Foyle in the north and Belfast, Strangford, and Carlingford loughs in the east. A striking feature of the northern coast is the Giant"s Causeway, a rock formation consisting of thousands of closely placed, polygonal pillars of black basalt. The country consists mainly of a low, flat plain in the approximate center of which is Lough Neagh (about 390 sq km/about 150 sq mi), the largest lake in the British Isles. Other important lakes are Lough Erne and Upper Lough Erne. Apart from several isolated elevations, three major areas of considerable height are the Sperrin Mountains in the northwest, the Antrim Plateau along the northeastern coast, and the Mourne Mountains in the southeast. The highest point in the country is Slieve Donard (852 m/2796 ft), a peak in the Mourne Mountains. The chief rivers are the Foyle River, which forms part of the northwestern boundary and flows into Lough Foyle at Londonderry, and the Upper Bann and Lower Bann rivers. The former rises in the Mourne Mountains and empties into Lough Neagh; the latter flows out of Lough Neagh to the North Channel. Among the many other rivers are the Main, Blackwater, Lagan, Erne, and Bush. Because of the generally flat terrain, drainage is poor, and the areas of marshland are extensive.

Climate. The climate of Northern Ireland is mild and damp throughout the year. The prevailing westerly winds from the Gulf Stream are largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold. The average annual temperature is approximately 10 C (50 F); temperatures average about 14.4 C (about 58 F) in July and about 4.4 C (about 40 F) in January. Rainfall is distributed evenly during the year. The annual precipitation frequently exceeds 1016 mm (40 in) in the north and is about 760 mm (about 30 in) in the south. The level of humidity is high.

Natiral Resources. The most valuable natural resources of Northern Ireland are its fertile soil and rich pasturelands. Natural waterpower is abundant. The chief minerals are basalt, limestone, sand and gravel, granite, chalk, clay, and shale; bauxite, iron ore, and coal also are found in small amounts. Peat is important as a fuel. Plants and Animals. In general, the plants and animals of Northern Ireland are similar to those of the island as a whole. The only distinctive plant is a species of wild orchid, Spiranthes stricta, found in the valleys of the Upper and Lower Bann rivers. Distinctive species of animal life include the pollan, a freshwater variety of whitefish found in Lough Neagh and Lough Erne. Population. The majority of the people are of Scottish or English ancestry and are known commonly as the Scotch-Irish. The remainder of the population is Irish, principally native to Ulster. English is the sole official language. Unlike the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland does not encourage the use of the Gaelic language.

Population Characteristics. The population of Northern Ireland (1992 preliminary) was 1,610,300. The overall density was about 113 persons per sq km (about 295 per sq mi). The population is unevenly distributed, with greater concentrations in the eastern half. It is almost equally divided between urban and rural dwellers.

The capital and largest city of Northern Ireland is Belfast (population, 1991 preliminary, 279,237), which is surrounded by heavy industries including shipbuilding and textiles. The other major city in Northern Ireland is Londonderry (72,334). Political Divisions. Northern Ireland is divided into 26 districts. Each district is governed by an elected council. Religion. Religious affiliation has been a key determinant in Northern Ireland"s history, politics, and social life since the 17th century. At various times it has determined access to voting and jobs, standards of living, and education. In modern times it has come to symbolize the differences between the descendants of the original Irish inhabitants and those of the settler community. The descendants of the Scottish and English settlers are predominantly Protestant; those of the original Irish inhabitants are overwhelmingly Roman Catholic. In the early 1990s, almost 51 percent of the population regarded themselves as Protestant, and almost 39 percent as Roman Catholic. The Roman Catholics are the largest single denomination. The largest Protestant denominations are the Presbyterian, the Church of Ireland, and the Methodist. Unlike England, Northern Ireland has no established, or state, church. The Church of Ireland, at one time a branch of the Church of England, was disassociated from the state in 1871.

Education. Education in Northern Ireland is free and compulsory for children between the ages of 5 and 15. The educational system is essentially similar to that of England. In the early 1990s Northern Ireland had nearly 1100 primary schools, annually attended by approximately 191,000 pupils and staffed by more than 8200 teachers. Secondary and special schools numbered about 275 and were attended by about 147,000 students taught by 10,300 instructors. The country has two universities: Queen"s University of Belfast, founded as Queen"s College in 1845, and the University of Ulster (1984), with campuses in Coleraine, Belfast, Jordanstown, and Londonderry. The total annual university enrollment in the early 1990s was about 17,000. Two colleges, the Belfast College of Technology (1901) and the Union Theological College (1978), are in Belfast.

Culture. Originally, Northern Ireland was culturally indistinguishable from the remainder of Ireland. However, with the waves of colonization from England and Scotland during the 17th century, the northeastern province of Ulster evolved a distinctive cultural identity. The settlers, who came to form a majority in the region, were British in culture and tradition, and Protestant in religion; their descendants are committed to keeping the province constitutionally allied with Great Britain. The Irish inhabitants, in a minority and for centuries politically and economically marginalized, had as their goal the reunification of the island of Ireland. In addition, Northern Ireland is considerably more urbanized and industrialized than the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland shares the early cultural glories of all Ireland. To Ulster belongs one of the two great cycles of Irish myths that contain the exploits of CЯ Chulainn and the tragic story of Deirdre (see Gaelic Literature). There is a thriving theatrical movement in Belfast, and much literary activity. Belfast is the base of Opera Northern Ireland, which presents seasons at the Grand Opera House in the city, and also tours the province. A ballet company is based in the capital, as is the Belfast Philharmonic Society, one of Britain"s leading choral societies. The Ulster Symphony Orchestra is among the leading orchestras of Britain. Queen"s University hosts the annual Belfast Festival. Northern Ireland has two national museums: the Ulster Museum in Belfast, which houses a collection of Irish antiquities; and the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum in Holywood, County Down.

Economy. Northern Ireland"s gross domestic product in 1992 was about $18.3 billion. In general, the economy of Northern Ireland is based on agriculture and manufacturing and is closely tied to that of Great Britain as a whole; almost half of manufacturing output is sold to the rest of Britain; one quarter is sold locally. Northern Ireland has been particularly hard hit by the decline of traditional industries like shipbuilding, on which much of its prosperity and many jobs depended. The lack of economic opportunities, particularly for young people, played a role in the sectarian conflicts of the 1970s. At the same time, however, the threat of terrorism hindered efforts to attract investment and create new jobs in the 1980s. Considerable public expenditure has been devoted to urban renewal in Belfast and Londonderry. Various agencies have been established to attract new companies and encourage small business, backed by tax and other incentives. Helped by moves towards a peaceful settlement of the sectarian violence, several important new investments were announced in the early 1990s. Public finance comes predominantly from taxes (50 percent in 1994) and government grants in aid from Great Britain (41 percent); Northern Ireland also received considerable funding from the European Union.

Agriculture. Small farms predominate in Northern Ireland, and production generally includes both crops and livestock. Livestock on farms in the early 1990s numbered approximately 1.5 million cattle, 2.6 million sheep, 588,000 pigs, and 12.3 million poultry. The leading crops in the country were potatoes, barley, hay, oats, turnips, apples, and pears. Forestry and Fishing. Northern Ireland is sparsely forested, but the state afforestation program has made considerable progress, and in the early 1980s about 60,000 cu m (about 2.1 million cu ft) of timber were felled annually. The annual catch of fish and shellfish in the early 1990s was about 15,000 metric tons. Saltwater fishing is centered on the eastern coast, principally off Newcastle; the most important species caught include herring, whiting, and scallops. Freshwater fisheries operate in Lough Neagh, Lough Erne, and Upper Lough Erne; the species caught include salmon, trout, eel, and pollan.

Mining and Manufacturing. Mining and quarrying are relatively unimportant economic activities in Northern Ireland. They employed only about 6200 workers in the late 1980s. The chief minerals are basalt, sand and gravel, peat, chalk, limestone, and granite. Manufacturing is a major source of the national product. In the early 1990s the industrial output of Northern Ireland was about 18 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP). Manufacturing and construction accounted for about one-fifth of the employed work force. Traditionally, the leading industries of Northern Ireland have been the manufacture of textiles and clothing. Linen is the most important textile manufactured; cotton cloth and fabrics woven of synthetic fibers rank next in importance. Shipbuilding and the manufacture of aircraft also are major industries; large shipyards are located in Belfast. Other manufactures include textile machinery, electrical and electronic equipment, processed food, liquor, tobacco products, and chemicals.

External Trade. About 80 percent of Northern Ireland"s external trade is with Great Britain, and the British pound is the legal tender of Northern Ireland. A large portion of the exports to Great Britain is transshipped to other countries, however. Northern Ireland exports linen goods, textiles, clothing, machinery, and food, notably meat, potatoes, and dairy products. Imports consist chiefly of petroleum and other fuels, raw materials and metals, produce, and an assortment of manufactured goods. Transportation and Communications Northern Ireland has about 23,730 km (about 14,745 mi) of roads, including 113 km (70 mi) of motorway. The Northern Ireland Railways Company provided passenger service on 357 km (222 mi) of railroad track. Daily steamship and airline services connect Belfast with the rest of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland has three daily newspapers, the Belfast Telegraph, the Irish News, and the News Letter, all published in Belfast. In the early 1990s they had a combined daily circulation of about 272,000.

Labor. The system of labor relations in Northern Ireland is based on the same principles as that of Great Britain. A major proportion of trade unionists in Northern Ireland are members of trade unions with headquarters in Great Britain. Government. Northern Ireland, an integral part of Great Britain, elects members (now 17) to the British House of Commons. In recent years some of those elected have chosen not to go to London (usually in order to protest the domestic situation). The Government of Ireland Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1920 and modified by several subsequent agreements between Northern Ireland and Great Britain, is the country"s basic constitutional document. In 1972, however, because of political and religious strife, London imposed direct rule. A 1973 act gave Northern Ireland much local autonomy, while Great Britain retained control over defense, foreign policy, currency, tariffs, and communications. In January 1974, direct rule was relinquished, but it was reimposed again that same year. The office of governor and the Northern Ireland Parliament were abolished, and the secretary of state for Northern Ireland became the head of government. The 78-member assembly that met from 1982 to 1986 had only reviewing and consulting responsibility. In 1985, an agreement granted the Republic of Ireland a limited role in governing Northern Ireland and set up an intergovernmental conference of British and Irish cabinet ministers. Judiciary. The highest court is the Supreme Court of Judicature of Northern Ireland, which consists of the High Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Crown Court. Lower courts include county courts with criminal and civil jurisdiction and magistrates" courts for minor offenses.

Local Government. Northern Ireland is divided into 26 districts for the purposes of local government. Each district is run by a council responsible for a variety of administrative functions. Political Parties. The Ulster Unionist Party governed Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1972. More recently, the party has split into two groups; the Official Unionist and the Democratic Unionist; the latter are opposed to any compromise on Northern Ireland"s future in relation to Great Britain and the most hostile to the Republic of Ireland. The other main political parties are the Social Democratic and Labour Party, which supports peaceful reunification with Ireland, the Alliance Party, and Sinn Fein, the political wing of the outlawed Irish Republican Army. Until 1994 Sinn Fein was excluded from talks between Britain and the Republic of Ireland on the future of Northern Ireland because it refused to denounce violence. However, its candidates participated in local and national elections.

Интересные факты про Ирландию на английском языке с переводом помогут узнать много нового и подготовиться к уроку.

Интересные факты про Ирландию на английском языке

The Irish flag dates from the 1800’s.

There are more mobile phones in Ireland than there are people.

Ireland joined the European Community in 1973.
Ireland was one of the initial 12 European Union nations that began using the euro currency in 2002.

The Irish capital, Dublin is home to over one quarter of the total population.

Other Irish cities of note include Cork, Limerick and Galway.

Irish novelists have made major contributions to world literature. Famous writers include Jonathan Swift — Gulliver’s Travels, Bram Stoker — Dracula and James Joyce — Ulysses.

Ireland has won the Eurovision Song Contest a record seven times.

A number of multinational technology corporations have setup European headquarters in Ireland helping to make it one of the largest exporters of hardware and software-related goods and services in the world.

Saint Patrick’s Day is Irelands official national holiday. The 17th of March holiday is celebrated in Ireland and also embraced by many other countries around the world.

The world famous Guinness beer is from Ireland, it originated in the Dublin brewery of Arthur Guinness.

Gaelic football and hurling are traditional sports of Ireland and remain the most popular sports in the country.

At the Olympics, boxing is Ireland’s most successful sport.

In 2002 Ireland was the first country in the world to have an environmental tax for plastic shopping bags and in 2004 it was the first to introduce a public smoking ban.

Shamrock (type of clover) is the national symbol of Ireland and along with the harp it is a registered trademark of the country.

interesting facts about Ireland с переводом

Ирландский флаг датируется 1800 годом.

В Ирландии больше мобильных телефонов, чем людей.

Ирландия присоединилась к Европейскому сообществу в 1973 году.
Ирландия была одной из первых 12 стран Европейского союза, которые начали использовать евро в 2002 году.

В ирландской столице в Дублине проживает более четверти всего населения.

Другие примечательные ирландские города включают Корк, Лимерик и Голуэй.

Ирландские романисты внесли большой вклад в мировую литературу. Известные авторы включают Джонатана Свифта — Путешествия Гулливера, Брэма Стокера — Дракулы и Джеймса Джойса — Улисса.

Ирландия выиграла конкурс песни Евровидение рекордных семь раз.

Ряд многонациональных технологических корпораций создали европейскую штаб-квартиру в Ирландии, помогая сделать ее одним из крупнейших экспортеров оборудования и программных продуктов и услуг в мире.

День Святого Патрика является официальным национальным праздником Ирландии. Праздник 17 марта отмечается в Ирландии, а также охвачен многими другими странами мира.

Всемирно известное пиво Guinness из Ирландии, оно возникло в Дублинской пивоварне Артура Гиннесса.

Гэльский футбол и бросок являются традиционными видами спорта Ирландии и остаются самыми популярными видами спорта в стране.

На Олимпиаде бокс — самый успешный вид спорта в Ирландии.

В 2002 году Ирландия была первой страной в мире, у которой был экологический налог на пластиковые пакеты для покупок, а в 2004 году она впервые ввела запрет на курение в общественных местах.

Клевер является национальным символом Ирландии и наряду с арфой является зарегистрированным товарным знаком страны.

Топик по английскому языку: Северная Ирландия с переводом. Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.

Расположение

Северная Ирландия является одной из четырех стран Соединенного Королевства. Она расположена в северо-восточной части острова Ирландия и включает в себя Ратлин и несколько мелких островов. Страна омывается Северным проливом и Ирландским морем. Население Северной Ирландии составляет 1,7 миллиона человек.

Территория

Северная Ирландия состоит из 26 округов и 6 графств: Антрим, Армаг, Даун, Ферманаг, Лондондерри и Тирон. Вместе они известны как Ольстер, хотя территорию не включает всю бывшую провинцию Ольстер.

Климат

В Северной Ирландии преобладает умеренный морской климат. На западе страны влажнее, чем на востоке, хотя облака зачастую покрывают весь регион. Большая часть земли Северной Ирландии покрыта густой зеленой травой, что является результатом влажного климата и интенсивной вырубки лесов в 16 и 17 веках.

Города

Белфаст – столица и крупнейший город Северной Ирландии. Среди других крупных городов можно отметить Арма, Дерри, Лисбурн и Ньюри.

Экономика

Северная Ирландия всегда имела промышленную экономику, где главными индустриями были кораблестроение, изготовление канатов и текстильная промышленность. Однако тяжелая промышленность была заменена сферой обслуживания. Туризм также играет важную роль в местной экономике. В последнее время экономике страны принесли пользу крупные инвестиции мультинациональных корпораций в сферы высоких технологий.

Культура

Северная Ирландия выработала свою собственную культуру. В стране много театров и кинотеатров. Есть два национальных музея: Ольстерский музей в Белфасте, содержащий коллекцию ирландских памятников древности и Ольстерский народный музей транспорта. Ольстерский симфонический оркестр является одним из ведущих в Британии.

Заключение

Северная Ирландия достаточно интересная для посещения страна.

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Northern Ireland

Location

Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. It is situated in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland including Rathlin Island and several smaller offshore islands. The country is washed by the North Channel and by the Irish Sea. The population of Northern Ireland is about 1.7 million people.

Territory

Northern Ireland consists of 26 districts and 6 counties of Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry, and Tyrone. They are also known as Ulster, though the territory does not include the entire ancient province of Ulster.

Climate

Northern Ireland has a temperate maritime climate. It’s wetter in the west than in the east of the country, although cloud cover is persistent across the region. Most of the land of Northern Ireland is covered in rich green grass, which is a result of damp climate and extensive deforestation in the 16 th and 17 th centuries.

Cities

Belfast is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland. Among other major cities we can mention Armagh, Derry, Lisburn and Newry.

Economy

Northern Ireland has always had an industrial economy with shipbuilding, rope manufacture and textiles being the main industries. However heavy industry has been replaced by services. Tourism also plays an important role in the local economy. In recent time the economy has benefited from major investment by lots of multi-national corporations into high tech industry.

Culture

Northern Ireland has developed its own culture. There are lots of theatres and cinemas in the country. There are two national museums: the Ulster Museum in Belfast, which houses a collection of Irish antiquities and the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum. The Ulster Symphony Orchestra is among the leading orchestras of Britain.

БРИТАНИЯ И БРИТАНЦЫ

NORTHERN IRELAND (2)

Northern Ireland is the smallest part of the United Kingdom. It occupies only one sixth of its territory, and it is situated on the northeast of the island Ireland. The name «Ulster» is sometimes used as equivalent to Northern Ireland, because there are six of the nine countries of the historic province of Ulster. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.

For many centuries Ireland was a colony of Britain. As a result of the hard struggle of the Irish people for independence the larger part of Ireland (26 countries) gained the status of a British dominion in 1921. In 1949 it was officially proclaimed an independent state, the Irish Free State of Eire. The northeast of Ireland was retained by

Great Britain as its smallest component. But certain forces of both the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland are for the reunification of the country, against social deprivation which is at its worst among Catholics. They believe that British withdrawal from Ireland is the only way to achieve peace.

In November 1985, the British and Irish governments made a new political agreement on Northern Ireland, the Anglo-Irish Agreement. It gives the Republic of Ireland a voice in the administration of Northern Ireland, and the Irish government recognizes that there will only be a United Ireland if a majority of people in Ulster agrees to it.

There are low hills and peaks of rocks in the northwest of the island, while the northeast sector is a plateau. The Mourne Mountains in the southeast slope down to Lough Neagh, the largest lake in the British Isles. The rivers of Ireland are short, but deep. The largest river is the Shannon.

The population of Northern Ireland is about 1,5 million people. 53 per cent of the total population live in urban areas. The whole economy of Northern Ireland is closely integrated with that of Great Britain. The largest industry agriculture is, it occupies about 72 per cent of the land area.

Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland is the leading industrial centre and a large port. Its main industries are the production of linen"and other textiles, clothing, shipbuilding, engineering.

The Irish poets call Ireland «the Emerald Isle». It is all due to the green grass. The fact is that the winds usually blow in from the Atlantic Ocean and make the air and soil warm and damp. Grass grows well in such a climate and it makes the island look so beautiful.

QUESTIONS

1. Where Northern Ireland is situated?

2. What is the other name of Northern Ireland?

3. What do you know about Anglo-Irish Agreement?

4. What are the main industries of Northern Ireland?

5. What is the capital of Northern Ireland?

6. What are the lakes and rivers of Ireland?

VOCABULARY

Ulster - Ольстер (историческая область на севере острова Ирландия)

dominion - доминион (название стран Британской империи, что были формально суверенные и имели якобы равные права с Великобританией)

Eire - Эйр (другое название Ирландской Республики)

the Mourne Mountains - горы Морн

Lough Neagh - озеро Лox -Ней в Северной Ирландии

the Shannon - рікаШеннон

island - остров

reunification - воссоединение

deprivation - потери, збутки

withdrawal - отнятие, лишение

СЕВЕРНАЯ ИРЛАНДИЯ (2)

Северная Ирландия - это наименьшая часть Соединенного Королевства. Она занимает всего одну шестую всей территории и расположена на северо-востоке острова Ирландия. Название «Ольстер» иногда используется как эквивалент Северной Ирландии, потому что там находятся шесть из девяти городов исторической провинции Ольстер. Белфаст - столица Северной Ирландии.

В течение многих столетий Ирландия была колонией Великобритании. В результате тяжелой борьбы ирландского народа за независимость большая часть Ирландии (26 городов) в 1921 г. завоевала статус Британского доминиона. В 1949 г. она была провозглашена независимым государством, Ирландским независимым государством Эйр. А северо-восток Ирландии остался за Великобританией как ее маленький компонент. Но определенные силы Ирландской республики и Северной Ирландии выступают за воссоединение страны, против социальных потерь, особенно ощутимых среди католиков. Они верят, что единственный выход - это отключение от Британии.

В ноябре 1985 г. британское и ирландское правительства приняли новую политическую соглашение о Северную Ирландию - англо-ирландский договор. Она дает республике Ирландия голос в администрации Северной Ирландии, и ирландское правительство согласилось, что Ирландия снова объединится только в том случае, если большинство людей Ольстера согласится на это.

На северо-западе острова являются низкие холмы и скалистые вершины, тогда как северо-восточный сектор - равнинный. Горы Морн на юго-востоке плавно спускаются к озеру Лох-Ней, крупнейшего озера на Британских островах. Реки Ирландии короткие, но глубокие. Самая крупная река - Шеннон.

Население Северной Ирландии - более 1,5 миллиона человек. 53 % населения живет в пригородных районах. Вся экономика Северной Ирландии очень тесно взаимодействует с экономикой Великобритании. Основная отрасль промышленности - земледелие - занимает 72 % площади всей земли.

Белфаст - столица Северной Ирландии - ведущий индустриальный центр и крупный порт. Основная промышленность - это производство белья, текстиля, одежды, а также кораблестроения и инженерия.

Ирландские поэты называют Ирландию «изумрудным островом». Все благодаря зеленой траве. Дело в том, что ветры обычно дуют с Атлантического океана и смягчают и увлажняют землю и воздух. В таком климате трава хорошо растет, и остров выглядит просто впечатляюще.

Расположение

Северная Ирландия является одной из четырех стран Соединенного Королевства. Она расположена в северо-восточной части острова Ирландия и включает в себя Ратлин и несколько мелких островов. Страна омывается Северным проливом и Ирландским морем. Население Северной Ирландии составляет 1,7 миллиона человек.

Территория

Северная Ирландия состоит из 26 округов и 6 графств: Антрим, Армаг, Даун, Ферманаг, Лондондерри и Тирон. Вместе они известны как Ольстер, хотя территорию не включает всю бывшую провинцию Ольстер.

Климат

В Северной Ирландии преобладает умеренный морской климат. На западе страны влажнее, чем на востоке, хотя облака зачастую покрывают весь регион. Большая часть земли Северной Ирландии покрыта густой зеленой травой, что является результатом влажного климата и интенсивной вырубки лесов в 16 и 17 веках.

Города

Белфаст – столица и крупнейший город Северной Ирландии. Среди других крупных городов можно отметить Арма, Дерри, Лисбурн и Ньюри.

Экономика

Северная Ирландия всегда имела промышленную экономику, где главными индустриями были кораблестроение, изготовление канатов и текстильная промышленность. Однако тяжелая промышленность была заменена сферой обслуживания. Туризм также играет важную роль в местной экономике. В последнее время экономике страны принесли пользу крупные инвестиции мультинациональных корпораций в сферы высоких технологий.

Культура

Северная Ирландия выработала свою собственную культуру. В стране много театров и кинотеатров. Есть два национальных музея: Ольстерский музей в Белфасте, содержащий коллекцию ирландских памятников древности и Ольстерский народный музей транспорта. Ольстерский симфонический оркестр является одним из ведущих в Британии.

Заключение

Северная Ирландия достаточно интересная для посещения страна.